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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.12.2000.tde-05102022-103827
Document
Author
Full name
Danilo Camargo Igliori
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2000
Supervisor
Committee
Veiga, Jose Eli Savoia da (President)
Cruz, Helio Nogueira da
Suzigan, Wilson
Title in Portuguese
Economia dos clusters industriais e desenvolvimento
Keywords in Portuguese
Clusters
Economia regional
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta dissertação tem como objeto o estudo da dimensão regional do desenvolvimento. Mais precisamente, procura entender os fundamentos econômicos do que vem sendo chamado de clusters industriais, arranjos produtivos caracterizados pela concentração espacial e setorial de firmas. Pretende-se também verificar as relações existentes entre desenvolvimento e a formação desses sistemas produtivos locais. Para tanto, foi elaborada uma ampla revisão da literatura pertinente, envolvendo contribuições da teoria económica tradicional e da literatura sobre inovações tecnológicas. Também foram contemplados os estudos recentes sobre os distritos industriais e sobre clusters nos países em desenvolvimento. De forma complementar, é apresentado ainda um conjunto de estudos de caso, contendo experiências recentes vividas no Brasil. Baseando-se na revisão delineada acima, percebe-se que a economia dos clusters industriais estrutura-se sobre dois fundamentos: as economias externas e o relacionamento cooperativo entre agentes. A existência de arranjos produtivos que possam ser classificados de clusters, possibilita a obtenção de ganhos de competitividade, resultantes desses fundamentos. No entanto, ressalta-se que tais ganhos não são automáticos, sendo que as experiências revelam grande heterogeneidade nas características e no desempenho econômico dos clusters, dificultando o estabelecimento de relações causais. O estudo sugere que a formação e o fortalecimento de clusters industriais podem contribuir com o desenvolvimento regional, devendo ser incentivados. No entanto, são identificadas limitações relacionadas à autonomia local e à capacidade de políticas públicas fomentarem esses arranjos produtivos. Contudo parece indicado incluir, de forma complementar, tais políticas em um conjunto mais amplo de estratégias voltadas ao desenvolvimento.
Title in English
Economics of industrial clusters and development
Keywords in English
Clusters
Regional economy
Abstract in English
This dissertation investigates the regional dimension of development. More precisely, it focuses on the economic foundations of the so-called industrial clusters: productive arrangements characterised by the spatial and sectoral concentrations of firms. The study also aims to verify the relationship between development and the formation of these local productive systems. In order to achieve the referred objectives, the study contains a survey of pertinent literature, including some contributions of traditional economic theory and the literature of technological innovations. This survey also includes the recent works about industrial districts and about clusters in developing countries. In addition, a set of case studies is presented, containing recent experiences in Brazil. Based on the survey outlined above, it is possible to conclude that the industrial cluster economics is structured on two foundations: the externai economies and the co-operative relationship between agents. As a result of these foundations, the existence of productive arrangements classified as clusters, opens up the possibility of obtaining competitive gains. However, it is emphasised that these results do not come automatically. Actual experience shows a great heterogeneity in the characteristics of clusters and in their economic performance. Thus, causal connection are difficult to set. The study suggests that the formation and the strengthening of industrial clusters can contribute to the regional development and should be supported. However, some restrictions are identified. Firstly, those related with local autonomy and secondly, the limits of public policies in enhancing the referred productive arrangements. Nevertheless, the inclusion of these policies seems adequate, as auxiliary measures, in a broader set of development strategies.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-10-05
 
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