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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.12.2005.tde-01022022-113819
Document
Author
Full name
Fábio Adriano Miessi Sanches
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Souza, Andre Portela Fernandes de (President)
Bugarin, Mirta Noemi Sataka
Zylberstajn, Helio
Title in Portuguese
Balanço intergeracional: desiquilíbrio fiscal e reforma da previdência no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Política fiscal - Brasil
Reforma previdenciária - Brasil
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta dissertação aplicamos o método do Balanço Intergeracional (Generational Accounting) para a economia brasileira e para os principais sistemas de previdência do país, quais sejam, o RGPS (Regime Geral de Previdência Social) e o RPPS (Regime Próprio de Previdência Social). O principal objetivo é medir os impactos das reformas da previdência aprovadas nos governos FHC e Lula sobre as gerações futuras de brasileiros. Para isso construímos perfis de pagamentos de impostos e transferências por idade e sexo para o ano de 1996. Com base nestes perfis, calibramos o modelo e calculamos um conjunto de Generational Accounts para a geração presente. A partir daí é possível obtermos o desequilíbrio intergeracional da atual política fiscal (cenário básico) e dos sistemas previdenciários. No cenário básico, pré-reformas, encontramos um desequilíbrio de 98%, ou seja, neste cenário as gerações futuras de brasileiros terão de pagar 98% a mais em impostos líquidos (impostos menos transferências) do que um indivíduo nascido no ano de 1996 para que a restrição financeira intertemporal do governo seja respeitada. Os desequilíbrios observados no RGPS e no RPPS são substancialmente mais elevados e têm impacto preocupante sobre o desequilíbrio global. A imposição de um conjunto de reformas previdenciárias aprovadas nos governos FHC e Lula tenderão a promover o equilíbrio intergeracional quando consideramos todos os impostos e transferências, mas são insuficientes para gerar a equidade intergeracional no RGPS e no RPPS. Isto, por outro lado, indica que o setor público brasileiro continuará a arrecadar elevados montantes em impostos sobre a renda, sobre o consumo e sobre a propriedade para sustentar os desequilíbrios dos seus regimes previdenciários
Title in English
Intergenerational balance: fiscal imbalance and pension reform in Brazil
Keywords in English
Social security reform - Brazil
Tax policy - Brazil
Abstract in English
In this dissertation we apply the Generational Accounting methodology for the Brazilian public sector and for the main social security systems of the country - RGPS (private sector workers system) and RPPS (civil servants system). The objective is to measure the impacts of the reforms in the social security systems approved by FHC and Lula governments. Bearing these objectives in mind we set up sex-age profiles of taxes and transfers for the 1996 year. Based on these profiles we calibrate the model and calculate Generational Accounts for the present generation. Subsequently, it is possible to obtain the intergenerational imbalance, given the ongoing fiscal policy, for both the overall amount of taxes and transfers and for the social security systems tax and transfers only. In the basic scenario we found an imbalance of 98%, what is equivalent to say that future generations will face a fiscal burden 98% higher than an individual born in the base year. The imbalance observed in the RGPS and RPPS are also higher and has important impacts over the total imbalance. The imposition of a set of social security reforms, approved by FHC and Lula governments, will tend to promote the intergenerational balance when we consider all taxes and transfers. On the other hand, the generational imbalance in the social security systems will persist. These considerations, in turn, indicate that the Brazilian public sector will continue to collect huge amounts of wealth, consumption and property taxes in order to afford the imbalance in its social security systems
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-01
 
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