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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2021.tde-16062021-181218
Document
Author
Full name
Marcelo Mocheti
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Yamamoto, Pedro Takao (President)
Papa, Geraldo
Pogetto, Mario Henrique Ferreira do Amaral Dal
Title in Portuguese
Monitoramento de híbridos comerciais de milho Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Bacillus thuringiensis
Zea mays
Controle de Spodoptera frugiperda
Eventos transgênicos
Abstract in Portuguese
A lagarta-do-cartucho-do-milho, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) é considerada a praga de maior importância na cultura do milho no Brasil e outros países da América Latina. O controle deste inseto era baseado majoritariamente no uso de inseticidas sintéticos, entretanto, diversos casos de populações resistentes foram relatados, fazendo com que novas estratégias de controle fossem adotadas. A utilização de híbridos de milho com tecnologia Bt tem se mostrado uma tática eficaz no controle de S. frugiperda. Entretanto, populações da praga apresentaram resistência a algumas proteínas expressas pelos híbridos, sendo necessário incorporar novas tecnologias e avaliar o desempenho das mesmas em condições de campo. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi monitorar a eficiência de híbridos de milho Bt no controle de S. frugiperda em campos experimentais nas regiões do Paraná e Distrito Federal. Foram avaliados 14 híbridos comerciais de milho (30F53, 30F35, 30F53H, 30F35H, 30F53Y, 30F35Y, 30F53YH, 30F53VYH, 30F35VYH, 2B810PW, 30A37PW, B2612PWU, DKB290PRO e DKB290PRO3), dos quais, há híbridos que expressam uma proteína, duas ou mais, e também híbridos não-Bt. Campos experimentais foram cultivados entre os anos de 2015 e 2018, nos municípios de Planaltina-DF e Toledo-PR, onde os cultivos foram realizados em duas épocas de plantio em cada ano (primeira safra e segunda safra). Ao atingirem o estágio V6, as plantas de milho foram avaliadas quanto aos danos gerados pelo ataque de S. frugiperda, e desta forma foram atribuídas notas para cada planta, de acordo com a escala Davis. Os híbridos 30F53, 30F53Y, 30F53YH e 30F53VYH também foram avaliados no estágio V8. O experimento seguiu um delineamento em blocos com parcelas casualizados, e as médias foram separadas pelo método de bootstrap (não paramétrico) em cada localidade. Com os resultados do presente experimento foi possível constatar que tecnologias com eventos que expressavam Cry1F e Cry1Ab (30F53H, 30F35H, 30F53Y, 30F35Y, 30F53YH) obtiveram danos iguais aos eventos que não expressavam nenhuma proteína (30F53 e 30F35), híbridos que expressavam Cry1A.105 e Cry2Ab2 (2B810PW, 30A37PW, DKB290PRO e DKB290PRO3) apresentaram danos intermediários e aqueles que expressam a proteína Vip3Aa20 (30F53VYH, 30F35VYH e B2612PWU) apresentaram melhor controle de S. frugiperda em condições de campo. Estes dados podem servir de subsídio para a tomada de decisão de agricultores ao escolher híbridos para plantios comerciais de milho.
Title in English
Monitoring commercial Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn hybrids in the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil
Keywords in English
Bacillus thuringiensis
Zea mays
Control of Spodoptera frugiperda
Transgenic events
Abstract in English
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is considered the most important corn pest in Brazil and other Latin American countries. Its control was relied mainly on synthetic insecticides; however, several cases of resistant populations were observed, resulting in the adoption of new control. The use of corn hybrids containing Bt technology has been shown to be an effective tactics in S. frugiperda control. However, several pest populations presented resistance to many of the proteins expressed by the hybrids, highlighting the necessity to incorporate new technologies and evaluate their performance under field conditions. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of Bt corn hybrids on S. frugiperda in experimental fields in the states of Paraná and Distrito Federal. Fifteen commercial corn hybrids were evaluated (30F53, 30F35, 30F53H, 30F35H, 30F53Y, 30F35Y, 30F53YH, 30F35YH, 30F53VYH, 30F35VYH, 2B810PW, 30A37PW, B2612PWU, DKB290PRO e DKB290PRO3), of which there are hybrids that can express one protein, two or more, along with non-Bt hybrids. Experimental fields were cultivated between the years 2015 and 2018, in the municipalities of Planaltina-DF and Toledo-PR, where plantations were carried out in two planting seasons each year (summer and winter). Corn plants were evaluated for signs of S. frugiperda attack at the V6 stage, and scores were attributed to each plant, according to the Davis scale. The hybrids 30F53, 30F53Y, 30F53YH e 30F53VYH were also evaluated at the V8 stage. The experiment followed a randomized block design, and the means were separated by a non-parametric bootstrap method in each location. The results of the present experiment indicate that technologies with events that expressed Cry1F and Cry1Ab (30F53H, 30F35H, 30F53Y, 30F35Y, 30F53YH) obtained damages equal to the events that did not express any protein (30F53 and 30F35), hybrids that expressed Cry1A. 105 and Cry2Ab2 (2B810PW, 30A37PW, DKB290PRO and DKB290PRO3) showed intermediate damage and those expressing the Vip3Aa20 protein (30F53VYH, 30F35VYH and B2612PWU) showed better control of S. frugiperda in field conditions. These data can serve as a subsidy for farmers' decision-making when choosing hybrids for commercial corn plantations.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-06-18
 
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