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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2023.tde-16052023-154727
Document
Author
Full name
Marcia Gonçalves Dias
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Gloria, Beatriz Appezzato da (President)
Marques, João Paulo Rodrigues
Martínez, Douglas Rodríguez
Teixeira, Paulo Jose Pereira Lima
Title in English
A comparative study of raspberry structural and biochemical responses to late leaf rust
Keywords in English
Rubus idaeus
Rubus niveus
Rubus occidentalis
CPK28
Defense mechanisms
Phenolic compounds
Abstract in English
Rosaceae is a family composed of important crops such as apple, peach, strawberry, and raspberry. Among these species, red and black raspberries belong to the genus Rubus and are high-value crops with increasing worldwide demand. However, these plants are affected by several diseases that impact their quality and productivity. Late leaf rust is a fungal disease in raspberries caused by Aculeastrum americanum (Farl.) M. Scholler & U. Braun (syn. Thekopsora americana (Farl.) Aime & McTaggart). While red raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) are susceptible, black raspberries were previously reported as more resistant (R. occidentalis L.) and immune (R. niveus Thunb.) to this pathogen. Since genetic resistance is a promising way to manage this disease, hybridizing red and black raspberries can provide new cultivars with interesting traits. However, it is important to understand how plants respond to pathogens before developing expensive and long breeding programs. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the histopathological and biochemical responses of red and black raspberries and a hybrid between them to A. americanum colonization. It was observed that the pathogen germinated and colonized all studied raspberries, however, black raspberries and the hybrid had distinctive responses compared to R. idaeus. The compact mesophyll, the pre- and post-formed phenolic compounds, post-formed pectic compounds, and cell collapse in the lesioned area were the main defense mechanisms against A. americanum. Additionally, to structural and biochemical studies of raspberries defense responses, it was performed a comparative genomics analysis to identify the calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), focusing on the CPK28 orthologs in black raspberry (R. occidentalis) and strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) as representative of Rosaceae. Both have 26 CDPKs together. The orthologs FvCPK28 and RoCPK28 were cloned and expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis cpk28 mutants. It was found that both Rosaceae CPK28 orthologs are plasma-membrane localized, and their overexpression dampened the oxidative burst upon elicitation. These results provided a proof-of-concept to investigate the functional similarities between these proteins and Arabidopsis CPK28.
Title in Portuguese
Estudo comparativo das respostas estruturais e bioquímicas de framboeseiras a ferrugem tardia da folha
Keywords in Portuguese
Rubus idaeus
Rubus niveus
Rubus occidentalis
Compostos fenólicos
CPK28
Mecanismos de defesa
Abstract in Portuguese
Rosaceae é uma família composta por culturas importantes como maçã, pêssego, morango e framboesa. Entre essas espécies, as framboesas vermelhas e pretas pertencem ao gênero Rubus e são culturas de alto valor com crescente demanda mundial. No entanto, essas plantas são acometidas por diversas doenças que impactam sua qualidade e produtividade. A ferrugem tardia da folha é uma doença fúngica em framboesas causada por Aculeastrum americanum (Farl.) M. Scholler & U. Braun (syn. Thekopsora americana (Farl.) Aime & McTaggart). Enquanto as framboesas vermelhas (Rubus idaeus L.) são suscetíveis, as framboesas pretas foram relatadas anteriormente como mais resistentes (R. occidentalis L.) e imunes (R. niveus Thunb.) a esse patógeno. Uma vez que a resistência genética é uma forma promissora de manejar esta doença, a hibridização de framboesas vermelhas e pretas pode fornecer características interessantes a novas cultivares. No entanto, é importante entender como as plantas respondem aos patógenos antes de desenvolver caros e longos programas de melhoramento. O objetivo desta tese foi investigar as respostas histopatológicas e bioquímicas de framboesas vermelhas e pretas e um híbrido entre elas à colonização por A. americanum. Observou-se que o patógeno germinou e colonizou todas as framboesas estudadas, entretanto, as framboesas pretas e o híbrido tiveram respostas distintas em comparação a R. idaeus. O mesofilo compacto, os compostos fenólicos pré e pós-formados, os compostos pécticos pós-formados e o colapso celular na área lesionada foram os principais mecanismos de defesa contra A. americanum. Adicionalmente aos estudos estruturais e bioquímicos das respostas de defesa da framboesa, foi realizada uma análise genômica comparativa para identificar as proteínas quinases dependentes de cálcio (CDPKs), com foco nos ortólogos CPK28 em framboesa preta (R. occidentalis) e morango (Fragaria vesca L.) como representante das Rosaceae. Ambos têm 26 CDPKs juntos. Os ortólogos FvCPK28 e RoCPK28 foram clonados e expressos em mutantes Nicotiana benthamiana e Arabidopsis cpk28. Foi encontrado que ambos os ortólogos CPK28 de Rosaceae são localizados na membrana plasmática e sua superexpressão amorteceu a explosão oxidativa após a elicitação. Esses resultados forneceram uma prova de conceito para investigar as semelhanças funcionais entre essas proteínas e Arabidopsis CPK28.
 
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Release Date
2025-03-07
Publishing Date
2023-05-17
 
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