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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2024.tde-13032024-163413
Document
Author
Full name
Caroline de Figueiredo Oliveira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Alleoni, Luis Reynaldo Ferracciú (President)
Benites, Vinicius de Melo
Vale, Fábio
Title in Portuguese
Dinâmica do potássio e resposta do milho à fertilização com fonte organomineral em solo franco-arenoso
Keywords in Portuguese
Agricultura sustentável
Atividade microbiológica
Deslocamento miscível
Fertilizantes alternativos
Liberação gradual
Abstract in Portuguese
O Brasil possui alta dependência externa por fertilizantes potássicos, o que deixa a produção agrícola do país sensível aos choques de oferta e demanda deste insumo. Diante desse cenário, fontes alternativas de potássio (K), como os fertilizantes organominerais (FOM), têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas na agricultura brasileira. Porém, há poucos estudos detalhados a respeito da dinâmica do K no solo e da resposta das plantas aos FOMs. Objetivou-se com esse estudo: (i) quantificar a liberação de K proveniente de um FOM e avaliar sua influência em atributos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de um solo franco-arenoso, (ii) avaliar se o uso de FOM influencia as comunidades de bactérias e fungos do solo em comparação com o KCl e (iii) comparar os efeitos de doses de um FOM fonte de K baseadas no nível crítico (NC) de K para a cultura do milho (Zea mays) comparadas com o KCl. O FOM liberou K de forma mais gradual ao longo do tempo, o que pode ser benéfico para as plantas, pois proporciona uma oferta constante de nutrientes. A lixiviação de K no solo fertilizado com FOM foi mais lenta no experimento com colunas do que no solo fertilizado com KCl. O tratamento com FOM estimulou uma maior atividade microbiana, porém reduziu a riqueza e diversidade de bactérias e fungos no solo. Para as plantas de milho, o solo fertilizado com FOM apresentou eficácia equiparável ou superior ao KCl, especialmente em doses adequadas para a cultura. Doses acima do NC de K no solo não resultaram em ganhos de produtividade. Portanto, este estudo ressalta o potencial dos FOM como alternativa viável para a agricultura brasileira, que pode contribuir para a segurança e sustentabilidade da produção agrícola.
Title in English
Potassium dynamics and corn response to fertilization with an organomineral source in sandy loam soil
Keywords in English
Alternative fertilizers
Gradual release
Microbiological activity
Miscible displacement
Sustainable agriculture
Abstract in English
Brazil has high external dependence on potassic fertilizers, which leaves the country's agricultural production sensitive to supply and demand shocks for this input. Given this scenario, alternative sources of potassium (K), such as organomineral fertilizers (OMF), have been increasingly used in Brazilian agriculture. However, there are few detailed studies regarding the dynamics of K in the soil and the response of plants to OMFs. The objectives of this study were: (i) to quantify the release of K from a OMF and evaluate its influence on chemical, physical and microbiological attributes of a sandy loam soil, (ii) to evaluate whether the use of OMF influences the communities of soil bacteria and fungi compared to KCl and (iii) compare the effects of rates of a K source OMF based on the critical level (CL) of K for corn (Zea mays) compared to KCl. OMF released K more gradual over time, which can be beneficial to plants as it provides a constant supply of nutrients. K leaching in the OMF-fertilized soil was slower in the column experiment than in the KCl-fertilized soil. OMF treatment stimulated greater microbial activity, but reduced the richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi in the soil. For corn plants, the soil fertilized with OMF had equivalent or superior efficacy to KCl, especially in rates suitable for the crop. Furthermore, rates above the CL of K in the soil did not result in yield gains. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of OMF as a viable alternative for Brazilian agriculture, which can contribute to the safety and sustainability of agricultural production.
 
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Release Date
2026-02-06
Publishing Date
2024-03-15
 
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