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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2021.tde-24052021-100645
Document
Author
Full name
Matheus Sousa de Paula Carlis
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Ferreira, Evandro Maia (President)
Polizel, Daniel Montanher
Goulart, Rodrigo Silva
Title in Portuguese
Exigência de FDN fisicamente efetiva de forragem (FDNfef) em dieta à base de grão de milho inteiro na terminação de cordeiros
Keywords in Portuguese
Carcaça
Cordeiro
Desempenho
Digestibilidade
Exigência
FDNfef
Fibra
Grão inteiro
Rúmen
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a exigência de fibra em detergente neutro fisicamente efetiva de forragem (FDNfef) para cordeiros confinados recebendo dieta à base de grão de milho inteiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados, definidos de acordo com o peso e idade dos animais no início do experimento. As dietas experimentais foram: 0% FDNfef - dieta à base de milho grão inteiro sem volumoso; 3,6% FDNfef - dieta à base de milho grão inteiro, contendo 3,6% de FDNfef ; 7,2% FDNfef - dieta à base de milho grão, contendo 7,2% de FDNfef ; 10,8% FDNfef - dieta à base de milho grão inteiro, contendo 10,8% de FDNfef ; CONT (dieta controle) - dieta à base de milho moído contendo 7,2% de FDNfef. No experimento I foram avaliadas a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, o balanço de nitrogênio e a fermentação ruminal. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros mestiços (Dorper x Santa Inês), castrados, com peso médio inicial de 30,14 ± 3,01 kg, cânulados no rúmen e aproximadamente 3 meses de idade. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre o consumo de matéria seca (CMS). A dieta 0% FDNfef apresentou maior digestibilidade da MS, MO, NDT, EM, propionato e ácidos graxos de cadeia curta totais (P<0,05). Contudo, houve interação entre os tratamentos e horário de coleta para o pH ruminal (P<0,05). No experimento II foram avaliados o desempenho, metabolitos sanguíneos, características de carcaça e comportamento ingestivo. Foram utilizados 45 cordeiros não castrados mestiços (Dorper x Santa Inês), com peso médio inicial de 22,6 ± 5,3 kg e idade média de 88 ± 10 dias. Após o período de adaptação, o aumento nos teores de FDNfef diminuiu o CMS (P<0,0001), GMD, EA, peso final (P<0,01), concentração sérica de AST (P=0,01) e de glicose (P=0,03), e diminuiu o peso vivo ao abate (P<0,001), PCQ (P<0,001), PCF (P<0,001), RCF (P<0,01), espessura de parede corporal (P<0,001), escore de adiposidade (P<0,01), gordura peri-renal (P<0,0001), AOL (P=0,001). Adicionalmente, os teores crescentes de FDNfef diminuiu a área (P=0,02) e altura das papilas ruminais (P=0,008). Os tempos de ruminação e mastigação apresentaram resposta quadrática, cujo maior tempo de ruminação (P=0,001) foi observado com o teor de 7,2% de FDNfef e o maior tempo de mastigação (P=0,006) com o teor de 10,8% de FDNfef. Nenhuma das dietas provocou qualquer tipo de lesão sugestiva de ruminite. Em conclusão, nas dietas com milho inteiro não é recomendada adição de FDNfef.
Title in English
Requirement of physically effective neutral detergent fiber of forage (pefNDF) in whole corn grain-based diets for feedlot lambs
Keywords in English
pefNDF
Carcass
Digestibility
Fiber
Lambs
Performance
Requirement
Rumen
Whole grain
Abstract in English
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the requirement of physically effective neutral detergent fiber of forage (pefNDF) for feedlot lambs receiving a whole corn grain-based diet. The experimental design was in a randomized complete block design, defined by BW and age at the beginning of the experiment. The experimental diets were: 0% pefNDF - whole corn grain-based diet without forage; 3.6% pefNDF - whole corn grain- based diet with 3.6% pefNDF; 7.2% pefNDF - whole corn grain-based diet with 7.2% pefNDF; 10.8% pefNDF - whole corn grain-based diet with 10.8% pefNDF; CONT (control diet)- ground corn-based diet with 7.2% pefNDF. In experiment I was to evaluate apparent digestibility of nutrients, N balance, and ruminal fermentation. Thirty ruminally cannulated Dorper x Santa Inês ram lambs, castrated, with 30.14 ± 3.01 kg of initial BW and approximately 3 mo old were used. There was no effect of treatments on DMI (P>0.05). The diet 0% pefNDF showed higher digestibility of DM, OM, TDN, ME, propionate and total short-chain fatty acids (P<0.05). However, the addition of pfefNDF to whole corn grain-based diets increased ruminal pH (P<0.05). In experiment II was to evaluate performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics and ingestive behavior. Forty-five no castrated Dorper x Santa Inês ram lambs were used, with 22.6 ± 5.3 kg of initial BW and 88 ± 10 d old. After the adaptation period, the increase levels of pefNDF decreased the DMI (P<0.0001), ADG, FE, final BW (P<0.01), AST (P=0.01) and glucose (P=0.03) concentrations, and decreased the BW at slaughter (P<0.001), HCW (P<0.001); CCW (P<0.001), CCY (P<0,01), body wall thickness (P<0.001), adiposity score (P<0.01), perirenal fat (P<0.0001), LM area (P=0.001). Additionally, the increase levels of pefNDF decreased the area (P=0.02) and length of ruminal papillae (P=0.008). The rumination and chewing times (min/d) showed a quadratic response, whose higher rumination time (P=0.001) was observed with 7.2% pefNDF and the higher chewing time (P=0.006) with 10.8% of pefNDF. None of the diets caused any types of lesion suggestive of ruminitis. In conclusion, the addition of pefNDF to whole corn diets is not recommended.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-05-24
 
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