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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2003.tde-17092003-135831
Document
Author
Full name
Rodrigo de Almeida Scoton
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2003
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Flavio Augusto Portela (President)
Mattos, Wilson Roberto Soares
Leme, Paulo Roberto
 
Title in Portuguese
Substituição do milho moído fino por polpa cítrica peletizada e/ou raspa de mandioca na dieta de vacas leiteiras em final de lactação.
Keywords in Portuguese
amido – propriedades físico-químicas
bovinos leiteiros
dieta animal
digestão animal
lactação animal
vacas.
Abstract in Portuguese
O milho sempre ocupou lugar de destaque na alimentação de vacas leiteiras no Brasil como principal fonte energética. Entretanto, é crescente o interesse por suplementos alternativos, dentre eles alguns subprodutos da agroindústria, como a polpa cítrica e a raspa de mandioca, com o objetivo de reduzir os custos de alimentação. Este trabalho avaliou a substituição do milho moído fino por polpa cítrica ou raspa de mandioca, variando os teores de amido total da dieta e de amido degradável no rúmen, para vacas no terço final de lactação. Os parâmetros avaliados foram consumo de alimento, produção e composição de leite e condição corporal.O experimento foi conduzido nas instalações do Departamento de Zootecnia da "Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz". Foram utilizadas 24 vacas HPB no terço final de lactação, mantidas em free-stall. Os animais foram agrupados em oito Quadrados Latinos 3x3, de acordo com o número de lactações (primípara ou multípara), dias em lactação e a produção de leite, medida durante os 10 dias do período pré-experimental. Foram utilizados 3 lotes do free-stall, com 8 vacas em cada grupo. O experimento teve a duração de 60 dias, com 3 períodos de 20 dias cada. Os 10 primeiros dias de cada período foram utilizados para adaptação e os 10 dias restantes para coleta de dados. As dietas utilizadas foram isoprotéicas e continham silagem de milho, resíduo de cervejaria, farelo de soja, uréia, mistura mineral e vitamínica e os diferentes suplementos energéticos testados: T1 - milho moído fino; T2 - milho moído fino + polpa cítrica peletizada (50:50) e T3 raspa de mandioca + polpa cítrica peletizada (50:50). Houve tendência de redução de CMS (P<0,13) quando o milho (T1) foi substituído pela mistura de raspa de mandioca + polpa cítrica peletizada (T3). As produções de leite e LCG, os teores e produções de proteína e gordura, lactose e sólidos totais, a eficiência alimentar, o teor de N-uréico e a condição corporal das vacas não foram afetadas pelos tratamentos (P>0,05).
 
Title in English
Replacement of fine ground corn by peleted citrus pulp and/or tapioca meal inthe diet for late lactation cows.
Keywords in English
animal digestion
animal feed
animal lactation
cow.
milk cattle
starch - phisical chemical proprieties
Abstract in English
Corn is the major energy supplement for dairy cows in Brazil. However, its increasing price during the last years, has increased the interest for cheaper energy sources, especially by-products as citrus pulp and tapioca meal, to reduce feed costs. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the replacement of fine ground corn by peleted citrus pulp and/or tapioca meal, varying the total and rumen degradable starch levels in the diet for late lactation cows. Group dry matter intake and individual milk yield and composition and body condition score were measured. The trial was conducted at the dairy farm of the Animal Science Department of the Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiróz" - Universidade de São Paulo, in Brazil. Twenty four lote lactation Holstein cows, managed in a free-stall housing were grouped in eight 3x3 Latin Square, according to their number of lactation (primiparous x multiparous), days in milk and milk production measured during a 10 days pre- trial period. Three pens were used with 8 cows each. Total trial lasted 60 days, with three 20 days experimental periods. The first 10 days of each period were use for cows adaptation to treatments, and the last 10 days for data collection. As feed intake was measured for group and not individual cows, the DMI and feed efficiency were analyzed considering every group of 8 cows as an experimental unit (a single 3x3 Latin Square). All the others data were analyzed as eight 3x3 Latin Square design. Diets were isonitrogenous and were composed by corn silage, brewers grains, soybean meal, urea, mineral and vitamin mix and one of the energy sources: fine ground corn (T1); fine ground corn + citrus pulp (50:50) (T2) and citrus pulp + tapioca meal (50:50) (T3). There was a tendency (<0,13) for decrease in dry matter intake when fine ground corn (T1) was replaced by citrus pulp + tapioca meal (T3). Milk and 3,5% fat corrected milk, yields, content and yields of fat, protein, lactose and total solids, feed efficiency, milk urea-N and body condition score were not affected by treatments(P>0,05).
 
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Publishing Date
2003-09-18
 
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