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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2021.tde-11022022-170217
Document
Author
Full name
Everton Lemos Cirino Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Patricia Menezes (President)
Gimenes, Flávia Maria de Andrade
Godoy, Rodolfo
Mui, Tsai Siu
Title in Portuguese
Influência de aportes de nitrogênio no desenvolvimento inicial de guandu
Keywords in Portuguese
Cajanus cajan
Adubação nitrogenada
Fixação biológica de nitrogênio
Inoculação
Abstract in Portuguese
O projeto foi desenvolvido na Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste (São Carlos/SP) e dividido em duas etapas. A primeira etapa consistiu em um experimento em campo, onde avaliou-se a influência da inoculação com rizóbios específicos, não específicos e fertilização nitrogenada no desenvolvimento inicial de duas linhagens de guandu. Os tratamentos foram representados por inoculação de sementes com estirpes de Bradyrhizobium SEMIA 6156, recomendada para guandu; estirpes de Bradyrhizobium SEMIA 5079 5080, recomendada para cultura da soja; fertilização nitrogenada na dose de 50 kg.ha-1 N; e tratamento testemunha, aplicados na linhagem g6-95 e cultivar BRS Mandarim. As plantas foram colhidas aos 40 dias após emergência, e avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros de crescimento e acúmulo de N na parte aérea. A segunda etapa foi representada por um experimento em casa de vegetação, com objetivo de avaliar as características relacionadas ao desenvolvimento vegetativo de duas linhagens de guandu sob influência de inoculação com rizóbios específicos, não específicos e doses de adubação nitrogenada combinadas ou não com a inoculação, e seus efeitos sobre a abundância de micro-organismos rizosféricos. Os tratamentos consistiram em duas linhagens de guandu, inoculadas com estirpes SEMIA 6156; estirpes SEMIA 5079 5080; doses de 10 kg.ha-1 N combinadas aos inoculantes; fertilização nitrogenada na dose de 50 kg.ha-1 N; e tratamento testemunha. As plantas foram avaliadas aos 90 dias após emergência, e avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros de crescimento e nodulação. Os resultados demonstraram que não houve diferença entre as linhagens e estirpes avaliadas, indicando as plantas inoculadas com SEMIA 5079 5080, produzem tanto quanto as plantas inoculadas com rizóbio específico, e em condições de campo produzem o equivalente àquelas adubadas com fertilizante nitrogenado. O uso de 10 kg.ha-1 N nas plantas inoculadas possibilitou maior produção de massa seca e melhorou os teores de N da parte aérea. A cultivar BRS Mandarim, apresentou maior nodulação que a linhagem g6-95, no entanto se mostrou menos eficiente na absorção de N, o que pode estar relacionado aos diferentes padrões de exsudação radicular e interações com microbiota do solo rizosférico. No geral, o guandu apresentou baixa especificidade, resultando em índices de eficiência simbiótica elevada mesmo em solos sem inoculação.
Title in English
Influence of nitrogen sources on the initial development of the pigeon pea
Keywords in English
Cajanus cajan
Biological nitrogen fixation
Inoculation
Nitrogen fertilization
Abstract in English
The project was developed at Embrapa South-East Cattle Research Center (São Carlos, SP, Brazil) and divided into two experiments. The first experiment consisted of a field experiment, where the influence of inoculation with specific and non-specific rhizobia and nitrogen fertilization on the initial development of two pigeonpea lines was evaluated. The treatments were represented by seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium strains SEMIA 6156, recommended for pigeon pea; Bradyrhizobium strains SEMIA 5079 5080, recommended for soybean cultivation; nitrogen fertilization at a rate of 50 kg.ha-1 of N; and control treatment, applied to line g6-95 and BRS Mandarim. The plants were harvested 40 days after emergence and evaluated for growth parameters and shoot N accumulation. The second experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with the objective of evaluating the characteristics related to the vegetative development of two pigeon pea lines under the influence of inoculation with specific and non-specific rhizobia, and nitrogen fertilization rates combined or not with inoculation and its effects on the abundance of rhizospheric microorganisms. The treatments consisted of two pigeon pea lines, inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains SEMIA 6156; Bradyrhizobium strains SEMIA 5079 5080; nitrogen fertilization at a rate of 10 kg.ha-1 N combined with inoculants; nitrogen fertilization at a rate of 50 kg.ha-1 of N; and control treatment. The plants were evaluated 90 days after emergence and evaluated for growth and nodulation parameters. The results showed that there was no difference between the tested lines and strains evaluated, indicating that plants inoculated with SEMIA 5079 5080 produce as much as plants inoculated with specific rhizobia, and under field conditions they produce the equivalent of those fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer. The use of 10 kg.ha-1 of N in the inoculated plants allowed increase of production of dry mass and better levels of N in the shoot. The BRS Mandarim showed higher nodulation than line g6-95, but was less efficient in N uptake, which may be related to different patterns of root exudation and interactions with the rhizospheric soil organisms. In general, pigeonpea had low specificity, resulting in high rates of symbiotic efficiency even in soils without inoculation.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-16
 
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