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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2021.tde-10122021-153734
Document
Author
Full name
Thamires Ubices Sturion
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Ferreira, Evandro Maia (President)
Arrigoni, Mario de Beni
Gallo, Sarita Bonagurio
Title in Portuguese
Dietas sem forragem à base de grãos de milho inteiros ou moídos na terminação de cordeiros
Keywords in Portuguese
Comportamento ingestivo
Flutuação no consumo
GMD
Ovinos
Rúmen
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do fornecimento de dietas sem forragem à base de grãos de milho inteiros ou moídos, associados ao núcleo proteico, peletizado ou farelado para cordeiros confinados. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados, definidos de acordo com o peso e idade dos animais no início do experimento. As dietas experimentais foram: CONT (controle) - dieta contendo 90% de concentrado e 10% de volumoso (feno de coastcross); MI+P - dieta à base de milho inteiro com núcleo proteico peletizado; MI+F - dieta à base de milho inteiro com núcleo proteico farelado; MM+P - dieta à base de milho moído grosso com núcleo proteico peletizado; MM+F dieta à base de milho moído grosso com núcleo proteico farelado. No experimento I foram avaliadas a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, o balanço de nitrogênio e a fermentação ruminal. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros mestiços (Dorper x Santa Inês) castrados. Na comparação com a dieta CONT, o fornecimento das dietas sem forragem independentemente da forma de processamento do milho ou do núcleo proteico diminuiu (P < 0,01) o consumo (kg/d) de MS, MO, PB, EE, FDN, FDA e amido, aumentou a digestibilidade da MS e MO (P<0,001), aumentou a flutuação no CMS, aumentou a concentrações de amônia ruminal (P<0,01) e diminuiu o valor de N ingerido, N fecal, e N retido (P<0,01). Houve interação tratamentos x horas para pH ruminal e concentração total de AGCC (P<0,0001), sendo que nas horas 9 e 12 (P<0,05) após a alimentação, os cordeiros que receberam a dieta CONT apresentaram concentração total de AGCC superior aos alimentados com as dietas MI+P e MI+F. No experimento II foram avaliados o desempenho, metabolitos sanguíneos, características de carcaça e comportamento ingestivo. Foram utilizados 35 cordeiros não castrados mestiços (Dorper x Santa Inês). Não houve efeito das dietas experimentais sobre o CMS (kg/d), GMD e peso dos cordeiros ao final do experimento. Na comparação com a dieta CONT, o fornecimento das dietas sem forragem independentemente da forma de processamento do milho ou do núcleo proteico diminuiu (P ≤ 0,01) o tempo de ingestão (min/d) e de ruminação e mastigação (min/d e min/g de MS). Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre a concentração de AST, GGT e glicose sanguínea. Com relação às características de carcaça, excetuando-se o escore de marmoreio que foi superior (P = 0,04) para os cordeiros que receberam a dieta CONT, nenhuma outra variável foi afetada pelos tratamentos. Em conclusão é possível utilizar dietas sem forragem na terminação de cordeiros, porém estas dietas devem ser utilizadas com cautela, pois podem impactar negativamente no CMS, parâmetros de fermentação e balanço de nitrogênio.
Title in English
Diets without forage based on whole or ground corn grains for finishing lambs
Keywords in English
ADG
Feed intake fluctuation
Ingestive behavior
Rumen
Sheep
Abstract in English
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of providing diets without forage based on whole or coarse ground corn associated with pelleted or ground protein supplement in feedlot lambs. The experimental design was in a randomized complete block design, defined by BW and age at the beginning of the experiment. The experimental diets were: CONT (control) - diet containing 90% concentrate and 10% forage (coastcross hay); WC + P - whole corn-based diet with pelleted protein supplement; WC + M - whole corn-based diet with ground protein supplement; CGC + P - coarse ground corn-based diet with pelleted protein supplement; CGC + M - coarse ground corn-based diet with ground protein supplement. In experiment I was to evaluate apparent digestibility of nutrients, N balance, and ruminal fermentation. Thirty ruminally cannulated Dorper x Santa Inês ram lambs, castrated were used. In comparison with the CONT, the supply of diets without forage regardless of the way in which corn or protein supplement were processed decreased (P < 0.01) intake (kg/d) of DM, OM, CP, EE, NDF, ADF and starch, increased digestibility of DM and OM (P<0,001) and DMI fluctuation, increased ruminal ammonia concentrations (P<0,01) and decreased value of ingested N, fecal N and retained N (P<0,01). There were diets x hours interaction for ruminal pH and concentration of total SCFA (P<0,0001), so it was observed that at hours 9 and 12 (P<0,05) after feeding the lambs fed the CONT diet had higher concentration of total SCFA than those fed with WC + P and WC + M diets. In experiment II was to evaluate performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics and ingestive behavior. Thirty-five no castrated Dorper x Santa Inês lambs were used. There was no effect of experimental diets on DMI (kg/d), ADG and final BW. comparison with the CONT, the supply of diets without forage regardless of the way in which corn or protein supplement were processed decreased (P ≤ 0.01) the time of ingestion (min/d) and rumination and chewing (min/d and min/g of DM). There was no effect of experimental diets on the concentration of liver enzymes AST, GGT and blood glucose. Regarding carcass characteristics, except for the marbling score that was higher (P = 0.04) for lambs that received the CONT, no other variables were affected by the treatments. In conclusion, it is possible to use diets without forage in feedlot lambs, but these diets must be used with caution, as they can negatively impact the DMI, fermentation parameters and nitrogen balance.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-12-13
 
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