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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2011.tde-23112011-151624
Document
Author
Full name
Cristiane Poletti Toledo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Andreote, Fernando Dini (President)
Almeida, Marcilio de
Maccheroni Junior, Walter
Title in Portuguese
Identificação e controle de microrganismos contaminantes no processo de micropropagação de cana-de-açúcar
Keywords in Portuguese
Antibióticos
Bactérias
Cana-de-açúcar
Micropropagação vegetal
Microrganismos endofíticos
Abstract in Portuguese
A cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.) chegou ao Brasil com a implementação das primeiras capitanias. Hoje ela é cultivada em praticamente todos os estados brasileiros, sendo processada para a produção de açúcar e álcool combustível. Para suprir este mercado crescente com plantas de alta qualidade é necessária a utilização da técnica de cultura de tecidos aplicada à microprogação in vitro para produzir mudas livres de doenças e em larga escala. Porém a contaminação microbiana é um fator determinante no sucesso da produção de plantas micropropagadas, sendo responsável por grandes perdas no processo. Dentro deste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo encontrar antibióticos capazes de reduzir as perdas por contaminação bacteriana no processo produtivo de plantas micropropagadas de cana-deaçúcar sem afetar o desenvolvimento vegetal. Para tanto, foram realizados o isolamento e identificação dos contaminantes bacterianos presentes no material micropropagado, a seleção dos principais antibióticos capazes de inibir o crescimento destes contaminantes e posteriormente um processo de antibioticoterapia foi estabelecido. Os resultados obtidos através da identificação evidenciaram que a maioria dos contaminantes bacterianos é composta por microrganismos endofíticos, sendo o gênero Gluconacetobacter o contaminante encontrado com mais frequência. Os resultados dos testes de suscetibilidade mostraram que nenhum antibiótico é 100% eficaz no controle geral do crescimento bacteriano, porém o antibiótico rifampicina se mostrou mais eficiente quando usado na concentração mínima de 50 g/mL e quando realizada a antibioticoterapia não afetou o crescimento das plantas micropropagadas.
Title in English
Identification and control of microorganisms contaminants in sugarcane micropropagation process
Keywords in English
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Endophytics
Micropropagation
Sugarcane
Abstract in English
Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) arrived in Brazil with the first captaincy implementation. Nowadays, it is cultivated in almost all Brazilian states, processed to produce sugar and alcohol as fuel. In order to supply this growing market with high quality plants, it is necessary to use the technique of tissue culture applied to in vitro micropropagation to produce seedlings free of disease in large scale. But the microbial contamination is a determinant factor for the success of micropropagated plants production; it is responsible for great losses in the process. Within this context, the present work aimed to find antibiotics that can reduce losses by bacterial contamination in the production process of sugarcane micropropagated plants without affecting its development. Therefore, we have performed the isolation and identification of bacterial contaminants present in micropropagated material, the selection of the main antibiotics capable of inhibiting the growth of these contaminants and then a process of antibiotic therapy was established. The results obtained through the identification evidenced that most of the bacteria contaminants is composed of endophytic microorganisms, and the genus Gluconacetobacter was the contaminant found more often. The results of susceptibility tests showed that no antibiotic is 100% effective in the general control of bacterial growth, but the antibiotic rifampicin was more efficient when used at the minimum concentration of 50 g/mL and when performed with antibiotic therapy did not affect the growth of micropropagated plants.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-11-29
 
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