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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2002.tde-19022003-163334
Document
Author
Full name
Nelson Arno Wulff
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2002
Supervisor
Committee
Pascholati, Sergio Florentino (President)
Carmona, Eleonora Cano
Carrer, Helaine
Figueira, Antonio Vargas de Oliveira
Lambais, Marcio Rodrigues
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização enzimática das celulases XF-810, XF-818 e XF-2708 de Xylella fastidiosa e purificação da proteína XF-818, expressas em Escherichia coli.
Keywords in Portuguese
bactéria fitopatogênica
clonagem
clorose-variegada-dos-citros
enzimas celulolíticas
escherichia coli
expressão gênica
Abstract in Portuguese
A bactéria Xylella fastidiosa causa a clorose variegada dos citros, também conhecida como amarelinho. Em 2000, foi concluído o seqüenciamento do genoma deste organismo, o primeiro de uma bactéria fitopatogênica, um fato que estimulou o estudo dos possíveis mecanismos de patogenicidade empregados pela bactéria para causar a doença em citros. X. fastidiosa é uma bactéria limitada ao xilema, sendo transmitida de planta a planta através de insetos vetores. Especula-se que a bactéria produza enzimas que degradem a membrana da pontuação, permitindo a colonização de novos vasos do xilema. A identificação de genes com similaridade de seqüência a genes de celulases, xilanases, pectinases e proteases, fomentou o presente estudo visando caracterizar os genes Xf - 810, Xf - 818 e Xf - 2708, similares a endoglicanases. Estes genes foram clonados em vetores de expressão e as respectivas proteínas foram produzidas em Escherichia coli. Através de ensaios enzimáticos as proteínas foram caracterizadas como endoglicanases (EC 3.2.1.4), que são celulases com mecanismo endoglicolítico de ataque às moléculas de celulose. Estas celulases hidrolisam carboximetil celulose, Avicel e xilana, enquanto as enzimas Xf - 810 e Xf - 818 hidrolisam a celulose amolecida com ácido. Estas celulases degradam mais eficientemente a carboximetil celulose em pH ácido (entre 5,2 e 5,6) e na temperatura de 65 °C. Coletivamente, estas celulases são capazes de degradar polímeros solúveis e insolúveis, enquanto a enzima Xf - 818, é capaz de degradar oligossacarídeos derivados da celulose, como celotetraose e celopentaose, apresentando ampla variação catalítica. Esta celulase possui capacidade de ligação à celulose microcristalina, denotando a funcionalidade de seu domínio ligador de celulose. Desenvolvemos um protocolo, empregando cromatografia de troca aniônica, afinidade por metal (níquel) e filtração em gel, eficiente na purificação da proteína Xf - 818 expressa heterologamente em E. coli com fusão hexahistidina à extremidade N-terminal. A caracterização enzimática destas proteínas, com a confirmação da atividade celulásica, fornece subsídios para uma eventual função das celulases durante a colonização do hospedeiro pela bactéria, pois são cataliticamente funcionais. Ademais, corrobora a similaridade destes genes, verificada durante o seqüenciamento do genoma de X. fastidiosa.
Title in English
Enzymatic characterization of endoglucanases XF–810, XF–818 and XF–2708 from Xylella fastidiosa and purification of protein XF–818 expressed in Escherichia coli.
Keywords in English
cellulolytic enzymes
citrus variegated chlorosis
cloning
hene expression
plant – pathogenic bactéria
Abstract in English
Xylella fastidiosa is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis, also known as "amarelinho". The recent sequencing of its genome, achieved in 2000, was the first of a plant pathogen, a fact that stimulated the search for putative pathogenicity factors employed by this bacterium while infecting citrus trees. X. fastidiosa inhabits exclusively the xylem vessels, being transmitted by sharpshooter vectors. Several authors argue that the bacterium produces enzymes to degrade plant cell, as a way to colonize new xylem vessels through pit membrane degradation. The identification of putative cellulases, xylanases, pectinases and proteases on X. fastidiosa genome, led us to carry out the present work to characterize the putative products of the endoglucanase genes Xf - 810, Xf - 818 and Xf - 2708. These genes were cloned into expression vectors and the proteins were produced in Escherichia coli. Based upon enzymatic assays, those proteins were characterized as endoglucanases (EC 3.2.1.4), which are cellulases able to promote the endo-hydrolysis of cellulose chains. These cellulases degraded carboxymethylcellulose, Avicel and xylan, while only Xf - 810 and Xf - 818 degraded acid swollen cellulose. The hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose was higher at acidic pH between 5.2 and 5.6) and at a temperature of 65 °C. As a group, these enzymes were able to degrade soluble and insoluble cellulose derivatives, while only the cellulase Xf - 818 could hydrolyze the cello-oligosaccharides cellotetrose and cellopentose, thus showing a high catalytic diversity. This protein also has the capacity to bind microcristalline cellulose, confirming the presence of a functional cellulose-binding domain. We set a protocol, employing anion exchange, metal affinity and gel filtration chromatography, to purify the Xf - 818 enzyme expressed in E. coli as a N-hexahistine fusion tag. The endoglucanase activity studied gives support for an eventual role of such cellulases during host colonization by the bacterium. Besides that, it agrees with similarities searches observed on the sequencing of X. fastidiosa genome.
 
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Nelson.pdf (2.61 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2003-02-28
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • WULFF, N. A.; CARRER, H.; PASCHOLATI, S. F. Cloning and expression of cellulase Xf-818 from Xylella fastidiosa in Escherichia coli. Scientia Agricola, v.60, p.715-721, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-005-0475-2
  • WULFF, N. A.; CARRER, H.; PASCHOLATI, S. F. Expression and Purification of cellulase Xf818 from Xylella fastidiosa in Escherichia coli. Current Microbiology, v.53, p.198-203, 2006.
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