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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2020.tde-12082020-173606
Document
Author
Full name
Isabela Scavacini de Freitas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Mello, Simone da Costa (President)
Purquerio, Luis Felipe Villani
Sala, Fernando Cesar
Title in Portuguese
Suplementação luminosa com lâmpadas LED no cultivo de microverdes em ambiente protegido
Keywords in Portuguese
Antioxidantes
Carotenoides
Fluorescência de clorofilas
Imagens multiespectrais
Luz azul
Luz vermelha
Abstract in Portuguese
As respostas morfofisiológicas podem variar em decorrência de diferentes intensidades e qualidades luminosas de acordo com o genótipo e as condições de cultivo, interferindo na produtividade e na qualidade nutricional, sendo necessárias mais pesquisas relacionadas a este assunto. Assim, o intuito deste trabalho foi verificar a influência da intensidade e da qualidade da luz no cultivo de microverdes de coentro, manjericão-verde, manjericão-roxo e repolho-roxo. Os microverdes foram cultivados em três ambientes em casa-de-vegetação: sem suplementação luminosa (controle); com suplementação luminosa a partir de conjunto de barras de LED com 87,5% de luz vermelha (660 nm) e 12,5% de luz azul (445 nm) (LED1); e com suplementação luminosa com conjunto de barras de LED com 75% de luz vermelha (645 nm) e 25% de luz azul (459 nm) (LED2). Foram analisados o comprimento dos hipocótilos; produtividade; teores de massa fresca e seca, clorofilas, carotenoides, antocianinas, quercetina, ácido ascórbico, macro e micronutrientes; colorimetria; índice de clorofilas (ChlIdx) e antocianinas (AriIdx) dos cotilédones, reflectância das plântulas (365-970 nm), eficiência do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm) e fluorescência de clorofilas (Chl) a 630, 645, 660 e 710 nm por meio de imagens multiespectrais. A suplementação luminosa aumentou os teores de antioxidantes em microverdes de coentro. O conjunto LED2 foi o que gerou plântulas de coentro mais nutritivas, uma vez que obtiveram as maiores concentrações de ácido ascórbico, Mg, Fe e Zn, e não diminuiu outros minerais importantes para a alimentação humana. Microverdes de manjericão-roxo responderam positivamente à suplementação luminosa com o conjunto LED1, devido à maior síntese de antocianinas nas folhas cotiledonares e maiores teores de P, S, Fe, Zn e ácido ascórbico. A suplementação luminosa com o conjunto LED2 aumentou a produtividade de microverdes de manjericão-verde, bem como os teores de K, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, e a Fv/Fm. A suplementação luminosa com LED1 e LED2 não foi eficiente para aumentar a qualidade nutricional de microverdes de repolho-roxo. As respostas dos microverdes à suplementação luminosa empregada neste estudo são dependentes das características morfofisiológicas e genéticas que influenciam na síntese e degradação de pigmentos e antioxidantes, na eficiência do aparato fotossintético e nos teores de minerais e massa.
Title in English
Supplemental lighting with LED lamps in microgreens grown in greenhouse
Keywords in English
Antioxidant
Blue light
Carotenoids
Chlorophyll fluorescence
Multispectral imaging
Red light
Abstract in English
Morphophysiological responses may vary as a result of different light intensities and light qualities according to the plant genotype and growth conditions, interfering in yield and nutritional quality, requiring more research related to this subject. Thus, the aim of this dissertation was to verify the influence of light intensity and quality in the growth of cilantro, green basil, purple basil and red cabbage microgreens. The microgreens were grown in three different environments in a greenhouse: without light supplementation (control); with light supplementation by LEDs with 87.5% red light (660 nm) and 12.5% blue light (445 nm) (LED1); and light supplementation by LEDs with 75% red light (645 nm) and 25% blue light (459 nm) (LED2). Both color of cotyledon leaves and hypocotyl lenght were measured, as well as fresh and dry matter rates, chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, quercetin, ascorbic acid, macro and micronutrients levels. Chlorophyll index (ChlIdx) and anthocyanin index (AriIdx) of plant cotyledones, plant reflectance (365-970 nm), photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl) at 630, 645, 660 and 710 nm were obtained by multispectral imaging analisys. LED2 nutritionally enriched cilantro microgreens, since they obtained the highest concentrations of ascorbic acid, Mg, Fe and Zn, and did not decrease other important minerals for human nutrition. Purple basil microgreens positively responded to light supplementation by LED1 due to the greater anthocyanin synthesis in contyledon leaves and the higher levels of P, S, Fe and Zn in relation to the other environments, and greater ascorbic acid content in relation to control. Supplemental lighting with LED2 increased the yield, the levels of K, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, and the Fv/Fm of green basil microgreens. LED1 e LED2 were not efficient to increase both the nutritional quality and appearance of red cabbage microgreens. Microgreens reponses to supplemental lighting depends on morphophysiological and genetic characteristics which influence on pigment and antioxidant synthesys and degradation, the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the rates of minerals and on biometric characteristics.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-08-13
 
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