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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2002.tde-10072002-154513
Document
Author
Full name
Angelica Brod Rodo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2002
Supervisor
Committee
Marcos Filho, Julio (President)
Carvalho, Maria Laene Moreira de
Dias, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos
Novembre, Ana Dionisia da Luz Coelho
Tessarioli Neto, Joao
 
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de cebola e sua relação com o desempenho das plantas em campo.
Keywords in Portuguese
cebola
germinação de sementes
sementes-vigor
Abstract in Portuguese
O potencial fisiológico de sementes, determinado pela germinação e vigor, é diretamente responsável pelo desempenho das sementes em campo, podendo até se refletir na produtividade de diversas espécies de hortaliças de importância econômica. Diante disto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diferentes métodos para determinação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de cebola (Allium cepa L.), visando destacar procedimentos adequados para utilização em programas de controle de qualidade; procurou-se, também, verificar a relação dos resultados obtidos em laboratório com a emergência das plântulas e o desempenho das plantas em campo. Para tanto, utilizaram-se seis lotes de sementes dos cultivares Aurora e Petroline, avaliados, em laboratório, quanto ao grau de umidade, germinação e vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, classificação do vigor de plântulas, condutividade elétrica, frio sem terra, envelhecimento acelerado tradicional e com solução salina e deterioração controlada). O desempenho das plantas foi verificado em ensaios de campo, utilizando-se dois sistemas de cultivo: semeadura direta e transplante de mudas; durante o desenvolvimento das plantas avaliaram-se, periodicamente, a altura, o diâmetro na região do colo e a massa de matéria seca das plantas. Após a colheita, determinou-se o rendimento final e efetuou-se a avaliação comercial dos bulbos. Concluiu-se que os testes de envelhecimento acelerado com solução salina (41ºC/72h), de deterioração controlada (ajuste do grau de umidade das sementes para 24% de água/45ºC/24h) e de classificação do vigor de plântulas, são considerados eficientes para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de cebola. As relações entre o vigor de sementes de cebola e o desempenho das plantas manifestam-se apenas durante a fase inicial do desenvolvimento da cultura, principalmente quando as diferenças entre o potencial fisiológico dos lotes são mais acentuadas, mas não afetam diretamente a produção de bulbos.
 
Title in English
Physiological potential evaluation of onion seeds and its relation to field plant performance.
Keywords in English
onion
seed germination
seed vigor
Abstract in English
Research has emphasized the relationship of laboratory germination and vigor to seedling emergence and stand establishment. In contrast, information relating seed vigor to plant performance is less available. This study was conducted to identify reliable procedures to rank onion ( Allium cepa L.) seed lots according to their physiological potential and to select the most adequate procedures to be used in quality control programs. In addition, it was verified whether the differences in seed vigor influence plant performance in field conditions. Six seed lots of cultivars Aurora and Petroline were evaluated in laboratory for germination and vigor (first count, seedling vigor classification, electrical conductivity, cold test, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging and controlled deterioration). Field experiments to detect differences in plant development were performed by direct sowing and transplant systems; after the determination of seedling emergence, plant vegetative development was evaluated by plant height, pseudo stem width and dry matter accumulation measurements. After harvest, the bulbs commercial classification and yield evaluation were provided. It was concluded that saturated salt accelerated aging (41ºC/72h), controlled deterioration (24% of water/45ºC/24h) and seedling vigor classification tests were the best procedures to assess the physiological potential of onion seeds. The initial plant development as measured by plant height and dry matter accumulation was affected by seed vigor mainly when the differences of seed physiological potential became wider as a result of the storage period. Influence of seed vigor did not persist during plant vegetative growth and yield was not related to seed vigor level. It was therefore concluded that the use of high vigor seed lots is justified to ensure adequate stand establishment under different environmental conditions.
 
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Publishing Date
2002-07-11
 
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