• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2021.tde-15122021-153631
Document
Author
Full name
Natália Gabriele Mafra Cataletta
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Pascholati, Sergio Florentino (President)
Furtado, Edson Luiz
Silva, Paulo Vinícius da
Title in Portuguese
Seleção de espécies de Streptomyces spp. para o biocontrole de capim-pé-de-galinha (Eleusine indica) em soja
Keywords in Portuguese
Actinobactérias
Capim-pé-de-galinha
Herbicida biológico
Plantas daninhas
Abstract in Portuguese
O uso desenfreado de herbicidas químicos desencadeou, em todo o mundo, centenas de relatos de resistência em plantas daninhas. A ocorrência de uma espécie vegetal resistente em áreas agrícolas pode causar aumento no custo de produção e queda na produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar, dentre os isolados de Streptomyces spp. disponíveis no Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica Fitopatológica Esalq/USP, um possível agente de controle biológico para Eleusine indica na cultura da soja. Os experimentos foram conduzidos tanto in vitro quanto in vivo. Utilizou-se 8 tratamentos, sendo seis diferentes isolados de Streptomyces spp., e água destilada autoclavada e o herbicida glifosato como controles. Os ensaios in vitro foram conduzidos em placas de Petri forradas com duas folhas de papel de germinação umedecidas com uma alíquota de 5 mL de cada tratamento (suspensão de cada actinomiceto), utilizando-se 3 repetições por tratamento contendo 30 sementes cada. As placas foram incubadas por 10 dias em câmara tipo B.O.D e avaliadas diariamente quanto à germinação das sementes. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que todos os isolados reduziram a germinação das sementes e se igualaram estatisticamente ao herbicida glifosato. Foram realizados também testes com sementes de soja para se avaliar o efeito direto dos diferentes isolados na cultura. As sementes foram inoculadas com as diferentes preparações e alocadas em rolos de papel de germinação umedecidos com água destilada autoclavada por 8 dias. Os resultados demonstraram que nenhum dos isolados interferiu na germinação e no desenvolvimento das plântulas de soja. Para os experimentos em casa de vegetação, mudas de E. indica com uma folha foram transplantadas para vasos contendo substrato comercial e quando apresentavam 2 folhas foram aspergidas até o ponto de escorrimento com cada uma das 8 preparações. Avaliou-se altura das plantas, biomassa fresca, teor de clorofila e massa seca. Os resultados reforçaram os encontrados nos testes in vitro e comprovaram que os diferentes isolados de Streptomyces spp. afetaram o desenvolvimento das plântulas tanto na altura, quanto em biomassa fresca, teor de clorofila e massa seca, novamente igualando-se ao controle com o herbicida glifosato. Dentre os isolados utilizados no presente estudo, apenas um, LFBF1901, já havia sido caracterizado molecularmente como Streptomyces griseorubiginosus. Conclui-se que os isolados de Streptomyces spp. exibem potencial para serem utilizados no biocontrole de E. indica na cultura da soja, tanto em pré como em pós-emergência, porém os mecanismos pelos quais esse controle ocorre permanecem ainda desconhecidos.
Title in English
Selection of Streptomyces spp. species for biocontrol of goosegrass (Eleusine indica) in soybean
Keywords in English
Actinobacteria
Biological herbicide
Goosegrass
Weeds
Abstract in English
Unrestricted use of chemical herbicides has generated hundreds of weed resistance reports worldwide. The occurrence of a resistant plant species in agricultural areas can cause an increase in production cost and a drop in productivity. In the present study, six Streptomyces spp. isolates, available at the Plant Pathology Physiology and Biochemical Laboratory Esalq/USP, were tested as a possible Eleusine indica biological control agent in soybean crops. The experiments were carried out in vitro and in vivo. Eight treatments were used, being six different isolates of Streptomyces spp., with autoclaved distilled water and the herbicide glyphosate as controls. The in vitro tests were performed in Petri dishes covered with two sheets of germination paper moistened with an aliquot of 5 mL of each treatment, using 3 replicates per treatment containing 30 seeds each. The plates were incubated for 10 days in a B.O.D chamber and seed germination was evaluated daily. The results obtained showed that all isolates reduced seed germination and were statistically equal to the herbicide glyphosate. Tests were also carried out with soybean seeds to evaluate the effect of different isolates on the crop. The seeds were inoculated with the different preparations and placed on paper rolls for germination moistened with autoclaved distilled water for 8 days. The results showed that none of the isolates interfered with germination and development of the soybean seedlings. For the experiments in a greenhouse, E. indica seedlings containing one leaf were transplanted to pots containing commercial substrate and when they had 2 leaves, they were sprayed to the run off point with each of the 8 preparations. Plant height, fresh biomass, chlorophyll content and dry mass were evaluated. The results reinforced those found in the in vitro tests and showed that the different Streptomyces spp. affected seedling development both in height and in fresh biomass, chlorophyll content and dry mass, again in a similar way to the control with the herbicide glyphosate. Among the isolates, only one, the LFBF1901, had already been molecularly characterized as Streptomyces griseorubiginosus. It is concluded that all the Streptomyces spp. isolates used in this study have the potential to be used in the biocontrol of E. indica in soybean crops, both in pre- and post-emergence, but the mechanisms by which this control occurs remain unknown.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Publishing Date
2021-12-15
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.