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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2021.tde-05102021-160027
Document
Author
Full name
Jacson Ferreira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Bedendo, Ivan Paulo (President)
Mello, Ana Paula de Oliveira Amaral
Mituti, Tatiana
Title in Portuguese
Superbrotamento de ramos em oliveira causado por fitoplasma: alterações bioquímicas, transmissão por enxertia e quantificação da bactéria nos tecidos do hospedeiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento lento
Mollicutes
Patogenicidade
PCR em tempo real
Vassoura-de-bruxa
Abstract in Portuguese
No Brasil, a doença denominada de superbrotamento de ramos da oliveira tem como agente causal um fitoplasma pertencente ao grupo 16SrVII-B. Essa doença tem causado significativos danos à produção por interferir com o desenvolvimento normal das plantas infectadas. As medidas de controle estão restritas, basicamente, ao plantio de mudas livres do patógeno e à erradicação de plantas doentes. A interação entre hospedeiro e patógeno ainda é pouco conhecida e este estudo teve como objetivos demonstrar a patogenicidade do fitoplasma, determinar as alterações bioquímicas induzidas pelo patógeno e avaliar a concentração do patógeno nos tecidos das plantas. Para isto, foi usada a técnica de enxertia para transmissão do fitoplasma, quantificação do patógeno nos tecidos foliares por meio de PCR em tempo real e análises bioquímicas de diversos componentes celulares. A patogenicidade foi comprovada pela presença constante do fitoplasma nas plantas doentes. A concentração do patógeno variou entre as cultivares e os resultados sugeriram um ordenamento com relação à multiplicação de células do patógeno nestas cultivares. As alterações bioquímicas nas plantas infectadas foram demonstradas, de modo geral, pela redução no teor de clorofila e aumento nos conteúdos de açúcares redutores, fenóis e proteínas totais.
Title in English
Shoot proliferation in olive plants caused by phytoplasma: biochemical changes, graft transmission and quantification of bacteria in host tissues
Keywords in English
Mollicutes
Pathogenicity
real-time PCR
Slow development
Witches' broom
Abstract in English
In Brazil, a disease called shoot proliferation olive is caused by a phytoplasm belonging to the 16SrVII-B group. This disease has caused damage to production by interfering with the normal development of infected plants. Control measures are basically restricted to the planting of pathogen-free seedlings and the eradication of diseased plants. The interaction between host and pathogen is still poorly known and this study aimed to demonstrate the pathogenicity of phytoplasma, determine how biochemical changes induced by the pathogen and evaluate the concentration of the pathogen in plant tissues. For this, the grafting technique was used for phytoplasma transmission, quantification of the pathogen in leaf tissues through real-time PCR and biochemical analysis of several cellular components. The pathogenicity was proven by the constant presence of phytoplasma in diseased plants. The concentration of the pathogen varied among cultivars and the results suggested an ordering regarding the multiplication of cells of the pathogen in these cultivars. Biochemical changes in infected plants were demonstrated, in general, by a reduction in chlorophyll content and an increase in the contents of reducing sugars, phenols and total proteins.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-11-11
 
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