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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-24112020-155241
Document
Author
Full name
Oto Murer Küll Montagner
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Martines Filho, Joao Gomes (President)
Almeida, Alexandre Nunes de
Júnior, Geraldo Costa
Maciera, Aislan Camargo
Title in Portuguese
Debate político televisivo e horário gratuito de propaganda eleitoral: aplicando o dilema dos prisioneiros
Keywords in Portuguese
Dilema dos Prisioneiros
Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral
Propaganda negativa
Teoria dos Jogos
Abstract in Portuguese
Entre as estratégias disponíveis em campanhas eleitorais, estão as propagandas negativas. Constituídas por ataques ao adversário, os candidatos que a utilizam visam persuadir o eleitor através do argumento de que seu oponente é a pior opção. Dado o uso frequente dessa tática ao longo das eleições, e seus efeitos para o sistema democrático, este trabalho utiliza a Teoria dos Jogos para analisar o comportamento estratégico dos candidatos nas eleições presidenciais brasileiras de segundo turno de 1989, 2006, 2010, 2014 e 2018. Utilizando o Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral (HGPE) e os debates televisivos como os terrenos para análise, busca-se lançar luz sobre a influência dos formatos no conteúdo das campanhas em geral e, especificamente, quando o tema "Economia" é tratado. Como resultado, observou-se que os debates, ao contarem com menos regras de punição à propaganda negativa, são dominados por esse método, enquanto o HGPE oferece aos eleitores, majoritariamente, manifestações positivas e equilíbrio ao tratar de tópicos econômicos.
Title in English
Political Debates and Electoral Advertising: Applying the Prisoner's Dilemma
Keywords in English
Electoral Adversting
Game Theory
Negative Campaingning
Political Debates
Prisioner's Dilemma
Abstract in English
Among the available strategies in political campaigns, there is the negative campaigning. Constituted by attacks directed to the opponent, the candidates intend to persuade the elector, through the argument that the opponent is a worse option. Given the frequent use of this tactic throughout the elections and its effects on the democratic system, this paper uses game theory to analyze the strategic behavior of the candidates in the second rounds of the Brazilian presidential elections in 1989, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018. Using the electoral advertising in TV (HGPE) and television debates as the grounds for analysis, it is proposed a discussion about the influence of the different rules sets on the content of campaigns in general and, specifically, when the topic "Economy" is addressed. As results, it was found that the debates, counting on less punishments to the negative campaigning, are dominated by the use of this strategy, while the HGPE offers the voters a more positive discussion and a mix between positive and negative strategies when dealing with economic subjects.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-11-27
 
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