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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2023.tde-05022024-112553
Document
Author
Full name
Benjamin Mateus Trevisan Beckmann
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Almeida, Alexandre Nunes de (President)
Halmenschlager, Vinícius
Pereira, Rafael Mesquita
Title in Portuguese
O impacto das fintechs na capacidade financeira dos universitários de Fortaleza, Ceará
Keywords in Portuguese
Alfabetização financeira
Bem-estar financeiro
Capacidade financeira
Fintechs
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente estudo busca analisar os impactos exercidos pela capacidade financeira, conceito que é subdividido nos construtos de alfabetização e inclusão financeira, no bem-estar financeiro dos universitários em Fortaleza, Ceará. Além disso, buscou-se analisar os possíveis impactos que as fintechs podem exercer diretamente no conhecimento financeiro e na inclusão financeira, e seu possível impacto indireto no bem-estar financeiro. O estudo também pretende entender as relações entre os construtos que formam a alfabetização financeira e analisar qual tem maior relevância no bem-estar financeiro. Além disso, validar as formas de mensuração desses construtos. Na literatura sobre finanças pessoais, existem diversos estudos sobre a formação da alfabetização e a relação entre os seus construtos. Porém, estudos que analisam os construtos da alfabetização financeira, inclusão financeira, bem-estar financeiro e o novo importante player no mercado financeiro das fintechs, ainda são escassos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do preenchimento de um formulário online na plataforma Google Forms. Foram coletadas 424 respostas válidas de universitários em Fortaleza, Ceará. Para a amostra foram inicialmente apresentadas as estatísticas descritivas dos construtos e das variáveis de controle, procedendo-se à análise das escalas de mensuração dos construtos, que foram validadas na pesquisa após a exclusão de alguns indicadores. Posteriormente, com intuito de testar as hipóteses levantadas pela pesquisa e alcançar os objetivos propostos, utilizou-se da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais por Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-SEM). Das 16 hipóteses levantadas, 15 foram sustentadas e somente uma foi rejeitada. Encontrou-se que as fintechs têm um impacto positivo e significante no conhecimento financeiro e na inclusão financeira, além disso, houve impacto indireto positivo e significante no bem-estar financeiro. Em relação à capacidade financeira e ao bem-estar financeiro, encontrou-se evidências do comportamento financeiro ser o construto de maior relevância e magnitude como preditora do bem-estar financeiro. O conhecimento financeiro, atitude financeira e inclusão financeira também apresentaram ter impactos significativos e positivos no bem-estar financeiro. Porém, a atitude financeira apresentou exercer somente um efeito indireto significante por meio do comportamento financeiro, o efeito direto do construto no bem-estar financeiro foi insignificante e negativo. Por fim, a pesquisa trouxe resultados relevantes para o debate acerca da educação financeira e promoção da capacidade financeira, com achados que analisam a dinâmica entre a capacidade financeira e o bem-estar financeiro. Além disso, pelos achados dos impactos que a inovação na área de oferta de serviços e soluções financeiras podem exercer na inclusão, conhecimento e bem-estar financeiro dos universitários em Fortaleza, Ceará.
Title in English
The impact of fintechs on the financial capability of university students in Fortaleza, Ceará
Keywords in English
Financial capability
Financial literacy
Financial well-being
Fintechs
Abstract in English
The present study aims to analyze the impacts exerted by financial capability, a concept subdivided into the constructs of financial literacy and financial inclusion, on the financial well-being of university students in Fortaleza, Ceará. Additionally, it sought to examine the possible impacts that fintechs can directly have on financial knowledge and financial inclusion, as well as their potential indirect impact on financial well-being. The study also intends to understand the relationships among the constructs that make up financial literacy and to analyze which one has greater relevance in financial well-being. Furthermore, it aims to validate the measurement methods of these constructs. In the literature on personal finance, there are numerous studies on the formation of financial literacy and the relationship among its constructs. However, studies that analyze the constructs of financial literacy, financial inclusion, financial well-being, and the new significant player in the financial market, fintechs, are still scarce. Data collection was conducted through the completion of an online survey on the Google Forms platform. A total of 424 valid responses were collected from university students in Fortaleza, Ceará. Initially, descriptive statistics of the constructs and control variables were presented to the sample. The measurement scales of the constructs were analyzed, and they were validated in the research after the exclusion of some indicators. Subsequently, to test the hypotheses raised by the research and achieve the proposed objectives, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used. Of the 16 hypotheses raised, 15 were supported, and only one was rejected. It was found that fintechs have a positive and significant impact on financial knowledge and financial inclusion. Furthermore, there was a positive and significant indirect impact on financial well-being. Regarding financial capability and financial well-being, evidence was found that financial behavior is the most relevant and influential construct as a predictor of financial well-being. Financial knowledge, financial attitude, and financial inclusion also showed significant and positive impacts on financial well-being. However, financial attitude only had a significant indirect effect through financial behavior, as its direct effect on financial well-being was insignificant and negative. Finally, the research provided relevant results for the debate on financial education and the promotion of financial capability, with findings that analyze the dynamics between financial capability and financial well-being. Additionally, it shed light on the impacts that innovation in the offering of financial services and solutions can have on the inclusion, knowledge, and financial well-being of university students in Fortaleza, Ceará.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-02-05
 
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