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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2007.tde-04042007-162830
Document
Author
Full name
José Eduardo Boffino de Almeida Monteiro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Sentelhas, Paulo Cesar (President)
Angelocci, Luiz Roberto
Bergamin Filho, Armando
Jesus Júnior, Waldir Cintra de
Pedro Junior, Mario Jose
Title in Portuguese
Índice de favorabilidade agrometeorológica da ramulose (Coletotrichum gossypii pv. cephalosporioides) e da mancha angular (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum) do algodoeiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Agrometeorologia
Algodão
Doença de Plantas
Mancha angular
Ramulose
Abstract in Portuguese
Colletotrichum gossypii var. cephalosporioides, fungo causador da ramulose do algodoerio, é ocorre disperso em quase todo Brasil. Sem um eficiente esquema de aplicação de fungicidas, a ramulose pode provocar severos danos. Outra importante doença para o algodoeiro, em muitas regiões do mundo, é a mancha angular, causada por Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um índice de favorabilidade baseado em variáveis meteorológicas para estimar a ocorrência da ramulose e da mancha angular (MA) do algodoeiro. O período de incubação, a freqüência de infecção e a severidade das doenças foram avaliados em câmaras de crescimento mantidas a 15, 20, 25 e 30°C e com períodos de câmara úmida de 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, e 64 horas após inoculação com suspensão inóculo de 105 conídios mL-1 e 106 IFC mL-1. Severidade da doença. Severidade (MA) e número de lesões por área (Ramulose) foram modelados como função da duração do período de molhamento (DPM) e da temperatura (T). Em experimentos de campo em Piracicaba, SP, parcelas de algodão foram inoculadas com ramulose e mancha angular, separadamente, a fim de se avaliar semanalmente o progresso das doenças ao longo do tempo. Os dados de temperatura do ar e molhamento foliar no campo foram utilizados no modelo obtido com os resultados de câmaras de crescimento e assim calcular o índice de favorabilidade. As variáveis meteorológicas radiação solar, T, umidade relativa do ar, DPM, chuva e velocidade do vento foram avaliadas como possíveis variáveis explanatórias às taxas de crescimento da doença no campo. Testou-se também, como variável explanatória, o índice de favorabilidade (0,02 de 0,75 e 0,84 respectivamente.
Title in English
Favorability index applied to ramulosis (Coletotrichum gossypii pv. cephalosporioides) and angular leaf spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum) diseases on cotton crop
Keywords in English
Bacterial blight
Favorability model
Ramulosis
Temperature
Warning system
Wetness
Abstract in English
Colletotrichum gossypii var. cephalosporioides, the fungus that causes ramulosis in cotton crops, is widespread in Brazil. Without an efficient fungicide schedule, ramulosis disease could provoke severe yield losses on cotton. Other important disease to cotton crop in several regions of the world is the bacterial blight also known as angular leaf spot (ALS), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum. The objective of this work was develop a weather based favorability index to each of this diseases. The incubation period, the infection frequency and the severity of both diseases were evaluated in growth-chamber experiments, incubated at 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C while exposed to wetness periods of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 h after inoculation with 105 conidium mL-1 and 106 CFU mL-1. Disease severity (ALS) and number of lesions per leaf area (ramulosis), was modeled as a function of leaf wetness duration (LWD) and temperature (T). At the field experiments in Piracicaba, cotton plots were inoculated with both pathogens separately, and disease severity was evaluated weekly. LWD and T data from the field trials were used as input to the model from growth chambers results and output the disease favorability index. Weather variables as solar radiation, temperature, relative humidity, wetness duration, rain, and wind speed were also evaluated as possible explanatory variables to the disease growth rate in the field. Was also tested the favorability index (0.02=0.89 and R2=0.91, respectively. Bacterial blight growth rate had best linear correlation to temperature during the wetness period and maximum wind with R2=0.75 and R2=0.84, respectively.
 
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JoseMonteiro.pdf (643.68 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-04-10
 
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