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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.107.2020.tde-01082022-144957
Document
Author
Full name
Denison Lehr Unglaub
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Mendes, Guilherme Adolfo dos Santos (President)
Covolan, Fernanda Cristina
Francisco, José Carlos
Neme, Eliana Franco
Title in Portuguese
A jurisdição especial indígena: uma reflexão crítica
Keywords in Portuguese
Direitos humanos
Jurisdição especial indígena
Novo Constitucionalismo Latino-americano
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho visa estudar a jurisdição especial indígena. Para entender o tema é necessário como ocorreu a consolidação do Estado Moderno, que é o modelo encontrado em todo o mundo atualmente. Na antiguidade havia várias civilizações, com diferentes configurações. Estas não podem ser chamadas de Estado, pois faltam os elementos essenciais. Apesar disso, didaticamente, se estuda o Estado Antigo, Estado Grego, Estado Romano e Estado Medieval, que foram os precursores do Estado Moderno. Quando este se consolida, podemos dividir essa história em fases: Estado Liberal, Estado Social e Estado Democrático de Direito. Essa evolução histórica ajuda a compreender como antes do Estado Moderno havia o chamado pluralismo jurídico, situação em que vários sistemas jurídicos atuam no mesmo espaço. Com o surgimento do Constitucionalismo, houve nova configuração, a do monismo jurídico. De um Estado com poucas funções (Estado Liberal), o Estado ganhou muitas novas funções, a cada mudança de paradigma, novos Direitos foram incorporados. Ocorreu então os movimentos indígenas pelo reconhecimento de sua autonomia, inclusive jurídica. Assim, temos o movimento do Novo Constitucionalismo Americano que trouxe a proposta de implantação da Jurisdição Especial Indígena. Escopo desse trabalho é refletir sobre as experiências ocorridas nos países que implantaram. É importante cotejar a tensão entre direitos coletivos e direitos individuais, numa discussão mais ampla sobre a universalidade dos direitos humanos. Desta forma refletiremos sobre como os julgamentos ocorridos na Jurisdição Especial Indígena afetam os indivíduos.
Title in English
The special indigenous jurisdiction: a critical consideration
Keywords in English
Human rights
Latin American Constitutionalism
Special indigenous jurisdiction
Abstract in English
The resarch aims to study the special indigenous jurisdicction. To understand this it's necessary comprehend how the cementation of the Modern State ocurred, since that is the current model found in the world today. In ancient times there were many civilizations with different configurations. Those can't be named State, becaus essential elements are missing. Nonetheless, for easy understanding, we study the Ancient State, the Greek State, the Roman State and the Medieval State, those were precursors of the Modern State. The Modern State after it was established, went through different phases: Liberal State, Social State and Democratic State. This historical evolution helps us understand how before the Modern State there was the so called legal pluralism which various legal systems are in place at the same time. When Constitutionalism arose, also a new configuration, what we call juridical monism. From a State with few responsibilities (Liberal State), the State has since gained many more, with each new paradigm, new Rights were incorporated. New indigenous movements started to occur seeking the recognition of their autonomy, including juridical autonomy. Thus, we have the movement for a New Latin American Constitucionalism that brought forth the insertion of the special indigenous jurisdiction. The scope of this research is to ponder on the experiences of the countries that have the indigenous jurisdiction. It's important to think about the tension between colective rights and individual rights, in a broader discussion about the universality of human rights. So the objective is to think about how the trials that occur in the Special Indigenous Jurisdiction affects individuals.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-08-17
 
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