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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.103.2021.tde-20042021-162417
Document
Author
Full name
Helen Rose Takahashi Ikeda
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Faria, Dalva Lucia Araujo de (President)
Lourenço, Maria Cecilia França
Tirello, Regina Andrade
Title in Portuguese
Objeto Museal e Autenticidade: Materialidade In(di)visível  
Keywords in Portuguese
Objeto Museal; Autenticidade; Colorantes; Aquarela; Espectroscopia Raman
Abstract in Portuguese
O conceito de Autenticidade no campo da Museologia abarca aspectos multifacetados a serem considerados no estudo do bem cultural. O processo de Musealização da coisa em si para se tornar no Objeto Museal deveria estar fundamentada na materialidade do objeto, fonte de inúmeros subsídios enriquecedores para abordagem conceitual, formal e estética do bem cultural. Nesta Dissertação, a caracterização da materialidade revelou marcadores cronológicos (impressões digitais únicas) historicamente consistentes com o papel e tinta de duas aquarelas, uma atribuída ao artista Paul Klee e a outra de Paulo Cláudio Rossi Osir (1921). As pesquisas foram realizadas utilizando técnicas de análises físico-químicas (Micrografias, SEM-EDS, XRF e Microscopia Raman) e os resultados experimentais identificaram substâncias químicas presentes na aquarela atribuída a Paul Klee, tintas, extenders e cargas, todos compatíveis com o período analisado (meados do século XX): os pigmentos azul ultramar, azul da Prússia, amarelo de cromo, preto carvão, vermelho PR4 e os corantes alizarina e verde de malaquita. Corroborando estas informações, a composição fibrosa do papel da obra é exclusivamente fibras de algodão. No caso da aquarela de Osir, foram identificados tintas, extenders e cargas, também todos compatíveis com o período (1921): azul ultramar, azul de cobalto, azul cerúleo, azul da Prússia, ocre vermelho, e outros subsídios que não puderam ser investigados em profundidade, devido à pandemia de covid-19, que restringiu os deslocamentos durante todo o ano de 2020. Nesta segunda aquarela, a complexidade e heterogeneidade das tintas, como a presença de espinélio (MgAl2O4), está muito provavelmente relacionada ao método de síntese de pigmentos azuis feita por calcinação. A composição fibrosa do papel da aquarela de Osir foi identificada como mistura de algodão e gramínea (esparto). Verificou-se, portanto, que a Autenticidade de um bem cultural como testemunho documental histórico está intrinsecamente associada à sua materialidade como artefato cultural situado em um determinado tempo e espaço geográfico. Esta abordagem contribui de forma ampla e enriquecedora para o estudo da autenticidade do bem cultural , com enfoque recente e comprovadamente eficaz, substancialmente consistente dentro da cadeia operacional museológica para identificação e classificação do Objeto Museal.
Title in English
Museal Object and Authenticity: In(di)visible Materiality.
Keywords in English
Museal Object; Authenticity; Colorants; Watercolor; Raman Spectroscopy
Abstract in English
The concept of Authenticity in the field of Museology encompasses multifaceted aspects to be considered in the study of cultural asset. The process of Musealization of the thing itself to become the Museal Object should be based on the materiality of the object, a source of numerous enriching subsidies for the conceptual, formal and aesthetic approach to the cultural item. In this Dissertation the characterization of materiality revealed chronological markers (unique fingerprints) historically consistent with the paper and ink of two watercolors, one attributed to the artist Paul Klee and the other authored by Paulo Cláudio Rossi Osir (1921). The investigation was carried out using physical-chemical analytical techniques (Micrography, SEM-EDS, XRF and Raman Microscopy) and the experimental results allowed the identification of chemical substances present in the paints, extenders and fillers of the watercolor attributed to Paul Klee, all of them compatible with the considered period (early 20th century); the colorants found were ultramarine blue, Prussian blue, chrome yellow, charcoal black, PR4 red pigments, alizarin red and malachite green. Corroborating this information, the composition of paper fibers in the work is exclusively composed of cotton fibers. In the case of Osir's watercolor, prints, extenders and fillers were identified, also compatible with the period (1921): ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, cerulean blue, Prussian blue, red ocher, and other subsidies that could not be investigated in depth due to the covid-19 pandemic that restricted access throughout the year 2020. In this second watercolor, the complexity and heterogeneity of the paints such as the presence of spinel (MgAl2O4) is most likely related to the method of synthesis of blue pigments, made by calcination. The fibrous composition of Osir's watercolor paper was identified as a mixture of cotton and grass (esparto). It was found, therefore, that the Authenticity of a cultural asset as a historical documentary testimony is intrinsically associated with its materiality as a cultural artifact located in a given time and geographical space. This approach contributes in a broad and enriching way to the study of the Authenticity of the cultural asset, with a recent and proven effective approach, substantially consistent within the Museological operational chain to identify and classify the Museal Object.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-05-04
 
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