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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.101.2023.tde-13092023-110738
Document
Author
Full name
Beatriz Walid de Magalhães Naddi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Rocha, Alexandre Luís Moreli (President)
Flores, Rafael Velazquez
Patti, Carlo
Velasco, Ana Covarrubias
Title in Portuguese
O lugar do Congresso mexicano no debate sobre Cuba (2000-2018)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cuba
México
Poder Legislativo
Política Externa
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta tese analisa a política externa mexicana para Cuba a partir de uma perspectiva ainda pouco convencional nas Relações Internacionais: o Poder Legislativo. Considerando o aspecto doméstico um dos fatores fundamentais na construção da política externa, esta tese se debruça nas disputas internas mexicanas sobre Cuba, particularmente o lugar do Poder Legislativo no debate mexicano sobre a ilha entre a LVIII e a LXIII Legislaturas (de agosto de 2000 a agosto de 2018). Para isso foi analisado o debate ocorrido dentro do Congresso Nacional, composto pela Câmara de Deputados e o Senado. No centro das fontes utilizadas estiveram as transcrições dos debates nas sessões plenárias e as documentações geradas pelas comissões parlamentares. De maneira complementar, foram analisados os debates durante as Reuniões Interparlamentares México-Cuba. Ao priorizar os debates, essa tese ultrapassa interpretações quantitativas focada no número de instrumentos legais e burocráticos e análises legalistas da postura institucional do legislativo mexicano. A partir disso, foram identificados três temas principais que mobilizaram os parlamentares mexicanos diante de Cuba: i) os direitos humanos, ii) a relação entre Washington e Havana e iii) a promoção da cooperação política, econômica e social entre México e Cuba. Em seguida, buscou-se compreender as conexões desses temas ao México como Estado-nação e aos interesses dos parlamentares e seus respectivos partidos. Ao combinar os principais temas de debate ao papel histórico da ilha para o México, às características do sistema político mexicano e ao lugar do Poder Legislativo na construção da política externa mexicana foi possível identificar dois fatores norteadores da postura dos legisladores nos debates sobre Cuba: os Estados Unidos e a dinâmica partidária. No caso dos Estados Unidos, observou-se a constante defesa da ilha por meio da incitação de princípios diplomáticos, especialmente de não intervenção e autodeterminação dos povos, visando a afirmação da própria soberania mexicana diante a Washington. Já o fator partidário esteve constituído da dialética de três elementos: i) o lugar do partido dentro do espectro político mexicano, ii) a história e as principais agendas do respectivo partido, e iii) o status de oposição ou situação de uma bancada diante do Executivo Federal. A partir disso, essa pesquisa apresenta uma contribuição tanto à literatura das relações México-Cuba (e.g. Ana Covarrubias, Renata Keller, Mario Ojeda e Olga Pellicer) quanto à literatura da relação Legislativo-Política Externa (e.g. James Lindsay, Andrés Malamud, Stelios Stavrivis, Rafael Velázquez e Guadalupe González).
Title in English
The place of the Mexican Congress in the debate on Cuba (2000-2018)
Keywords in English
Cuba
Foreign Policy
Legislative Branch
Mexico
Abstract in English
This thesis analyzes the Mexican foreign policy towards Cuba from a still unconventional perspective in International Relations: the Legislative Branch. Considering the internal aspect as one of the fundamental factors in the construction of foreign policy, this thesis focuses on the internal Mexican disputes about Cuba, particularly the place of the Legislative Power in the Mexican debate on the island between the LVIII and the LXIII Legislature. (August 2000 to August 2018). For this, the debate that took place within the National Congress, made up of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, was analyzed. At the center of the sources used were the transcripts of the debates in the plenary sessions and the documentation generated by the parliamentary committees. Additionally, the debates during the Mexico-Cuba Interparliamentary Meetings were analyzed. By prioritizing the debates, this thesis goes beyond quantitative interpretations focused on the number of legal and bureaucratic instruments and legalistic analyzes of the institutional position of the Mexican legislature. From this, three main issues were identified that mobilized Mexican parliamentarians in relation to Cuba: i) human rights, ii) the relationship between Washington and Havana and iii) the promotion of political, economic and social cooperation between Mexico and Cuba. Next, an attempt was made to understand the connections of these issues with Mexico as a nation-state and with the interests of parliamentarians and their respective parties. By combining the main topics of debate with the historical role of the island for Mexico, the characteristics of the Mexican political system and the place of the Legislative Power in the construction of Mexican foreign policy, it was possible to identify two guiding factors of the position of the legislators. in the debates on Cuba: United States and party dynamics. In the case of the United States, the constant defense of the island was observed through the incitement of diplomatic principles, especially non-intervention and self-determination of the peoples, tending to the affirmation of Mexico's own sovereignty before Washington. The party factor was constituted by the dialectic of three elements: i) the place of the party within the Mexican political spectrum, ii) the history and main agendas of the respective party, and iii) the status or opposition situation of a leading group. of the Federal Executive Party. Based on this, this research presents a contribution both to the literature on Mexico-Cuba relations (e.g. Ana Covarrubias, Renata Keller, Mario Ojeda and Olga Pellicer) and to the literature on the Legislative-Foreign Policy relationship (e.g. James Lindsay, Andrés Malamud, Stelios Stavrivis, Rafael Velázquez and Guadalupe González).
 
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Publishing Date
2023-10-24
 
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