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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.100.2020.tde-13082020-233136
Document
Author
Full name
Samantha Thais Baião Moreira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Romão Netto, José Veríssimo (President)
Balbachevsky, Elizabeth
Rodrigues, Marta Maria Assumpção
Stumm, Michelli Gonçalves
Title in Portuguese
Ecos de um embate pioneiro: a influência de ideias desenvolvimentistas e liberais no processo  de conformação do Pronatec/BSM
Keywords in Portuguese
Abordagem ideacional
Desenvolvimentismo
Mudança em políticas públicas
Path dependency ideacional
Pronatec
Abstract in Portuguese
Na esteira recente de visibilidade da questão social, políticas de educação profissional passam a ser consideradas estratégicas tanto para processos de inclusão social quanto para o desenvolvimento econômico do país. Nesse bojo, institui-se em 2011 o Programa Nacional de Acesso ao Ensino Técnico e Emprego (Pronatec), com a finalidade de expandir a oferta gratuita de educação profissional e tecnológica, despendendo especial atenção aos trabalhadores em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica via modalidade que apresenta interface com o Plano Brasil Sem Miséria (PBSM), o Pronatec/BSM. Partindo-se da compreensão de que o processo de conformação do Programa e sua iniciativa estabeleceu-se mediante um pleito de deliberação e legitimação de ideias, procurou-se remontar a ascendência dessas ideias no cenário brasileiro explorando-se, por seu pioneirismo, o embate industrialista precursor edificado na década de 1940 no qual vocalizam posições Roberto Simonsen e Eugênio Gudin. Definiu-se, então, como objetivo da presente pesquisa, compreender que ideias forjaram os contornos institucionais do Pronatec e sua iniciativa BSM, recuperando-se, nesse percurso, as influências do citado embate. Guiando-se pela Abordagem ideacional e pelo Institucionalismo Discursivo, utilizou-se aqui da Análise de Conteúdo para a descrição e categorização das ideias estruturadas no embate. As categorias criadas foram contrastadas com discursos vinculados ao processo de conformação do Pronatec e sua iniciativa BSM; realizaram-se, ademais, cinco entrevistas com servidores técnicos lotados em posições de direto envolvimento com o Programa no momento de sua formulação. A investigação permitiu demonstrar a existência de um path dependency ideacional mediante o qual ideias desenvolvimentistas e liberais estruturadas na década de 1940 se perpetuam e influenciam nos contornos institucionais do Pronatec e sua iniciativa BSM. As ideias, nesse sentido, têm influência duradoura na política, moldando discursos e formulações posteriores. Entretanto, para além desse achado que evidencia a permanência em políticas públicas, rupturas em nível normativo também se somam na conformação do Programa e de sua iniciativa, estabelecendo contornos específicos à política a partir da mobilização de novo sentimento público e novo enquadramento. Espera-se, assim, ter descortinado caminhos analíticos profícuos para os estudos das políticas públicas. Em particular, aspira-se ter avançado no intento de evidenciar o potencial explicativo de diferentes tipos de ideias nos processos de permanência e mudança em políticas públicas
Title in English
Echoes of a pioneering struggle: the influence of developmentalist and liberal ideas in the process of forming Pronatec/BSM
Keywords in English
Change in public policies
Developmentalism
Ideational path dependency
Pronatec Ideational approach
Abstract in English
In the recent path of the visibility of the social issue, professional education policies have been considered strategic both for social inclusion processes and for the country's economic development. In this context, the National Program for Access to Technical Education and Employment (Pronatec) was instituted in 2011, with the purpose of expanding the free offer of professional and technological education, paying special attention to workers in situations of socioeconomic vulnerability through the modality that presents interface with the Brasil Sem Miséria Plan (PBSM), the Pronatec / BSM. Understanding that the Program's conformation process and its initiative was established through a process of deliberation and legitimization of ideas, we sought to trace the ancestry of these ideas in the Brazilian scenario by exploring, for its pioneering, the precursor industrialist clash built in the 1940s in which Roberto Simonsen and Eugênio Gudin vocalize positions. Thus, it was established, as the objective of the present research, to understand what ideas built the institutional outlines of Pronatec and its BSM initiative, recovering, in this path, the influences of the precursor clash of the 1940s. Guided by the ideational approach and Discursive Institutionalism, the content of the precursor clash established in the 1940s was circumscribed using Content Analysis for the description and categorization of the ideas structured there. The categories that emerged were contrasted with speeches linked to the process of forming Pronatec and its BSM initiative; In addition, five interviews were carried out with technical employees who occupy positions of direct involvement with the Program at the time of its formulation. The investigation allowed to demonstrate the existence of an ideational path dependency through which developmentalist and liberal ideas structured in the 1940s are perpetuated and influence the institutional outlines of Pronatec and its BSM initiative. In this sense, ideas have a lasting influence on politics, shaping later discourses and formulations. However, in addition to this finding that evidences the permanence in public policies, ruptures in the normative level are also added in the conformation of the Program and its initiative, establishing specific contours to the policy from the mobilization of new public feeling and new frame. It is expected, therefore, to have found useful analytical paths for the study of public policies. In particular, it is hoped to have advanced in the attempt to highlight the explanatory potential of different types of ideas in the processes of permanence and change in public policies
 
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Publishing Date
2021-07-06
 
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