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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2023.tde-21112023-174843
Document
Author
Full name
Ângela Perrone Barbosa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Baccarin, Raquel Yvonne Arantes (President)
Manso Filho, Helio Cordeiro
Roncati, Neimar Vanderlei
Title in Portuguese
Interferência no padrão de sono no desempenho atlético e cognitivo de equinos
Keywords in Portuguese
Aprendizagem
Bem-estar
Ciclo sono-vigília
Desempenho atlético
Sono REM
Abstract in Portuguese
Em humanos sabe-se que o período de repouso adequado é fundamental. Em equinos, entretanto, existem poucos estudos de como a falta de sono REM (Rapid Eye Moviment) pode interferir no desempenho atlético e cognitivo. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar como a interferência no sono REM por três dias consecutivos, 72 horas, altera desempenho atlético e cognitivo. Para tanto, 10 equinos participaram em experimento crossover em dois momentos distintos: sem privação de sono (controle) e com privação de sono, que foi obtida ao abster o animal de se deitar e consequentemente impedir que ele atinja o sono REM. Os animais foram filmados previamente por 48 horas para caracterizar o padrão de sono, e nas 72 horas dos momentos do experimento. Além disso, foi realizado leitura facial das expressões duas vezes ao dia, coleta de saliva para análise de cortisol salivar uma vez ao dia, bem como a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) através de um frequencímetro uma vez ao dia e depois da prova teste. Para o desempenho atlético, os cavalos participaram de uma prova teste, com presença de juízes e questionário para os cavaleiros. Para a avaliação cognitiva, foram feitos testes de atenção visual e de memória, bem como um teste de aproximação. Os dados obtidos foram analisados primeiro conforme a normalidade, depois caracterizados como duas variáveis dependentes (controle e com interferência no padrão de sono). A leitura da expressão facial não demonstrou sensibilidade para detectar alterações relacionadas a desconforto pela privação de sono. O cortisol salivar apresentou valores abaixo dos presentes na literatura e sem diferença entre os grupos. A VFC não demonstrou alteração entre os grupos. As notas divergentes entre os juízes na prova teste mostram falta de confiabilidade. O teste de memória mostrou tendência no delta dos animais privados de sono REM demorarem mais para completá-lo. Como conclusão, supõe-se que a interferência no padrão de sono, impedindo o sono REM por 72 horas, não deixa evidências acentuadas na população equina estudada, entretanto, mais estudos são necessários para caracterizar melhor como a privação pode interferir no desempenho atlético e cognitivo.
Title in English
Sleep patterns interference on athletic and cognitive performance of horses
Keywords in English
Athletic performance
Learning
REM sleep
Sleep-wake cycle
Welfare
Abstract in English
It is known that the adequate rest period is essential for well-being and physical performance in humans. In horses, however, there are few studies on how the lack of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep can interfere with athletic and cognitive performance. The objective of the study was to characterize how interference in REM sleep for three consecutive days, 72 hours, alters the athletic and cognitive development of these animals. For that, 10 horses participated in a crossover experiment in two different moments: without sleep deprivation (control) and with sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation was achieved by abstaining the animal from lying down for long periods and consequently preventing it from reaching REM sleep. The animals were previously filmed for 48 hours to characterize the sleep pattern, and in the 72 hours of the two experiment moments. In addition, facial expressions (horse grimace scale) were performed twice a day, saliva was collected for analysis of salivary cortisol once a day, as well as heart rate variability (HRV) using a frequency meter once a day and after the test competition. For athletic performance, the animals participated in a test competition, with the presence of official judges and a questionnaire for the riders. For cognitive assessment, visual attention and memory tests were performed, as well as an approach test. The data obtained were first analyzed according to normality, then characterized within the presumption that two dependent variables (without interference in the sleep pattern and with interference in the sleep pattern). The reading of the facial expression did not demonstrate sensitivity to detect alterations related to pain caused by sleep deprivation. Salivary cortisol displayed values below those found in the literature and no difference between groups was found. HRV showed no change between sleep deprivation and control groups but showed a difference between before and after the test competition, showing a sympathetic activation. The divergent scores between the judges in relation to the test competition present a lack of reliability. The memory test shows a tendency in the delta for animals deprived of REM sleep to take longer to complete it. In conclusion, it is assumed that the interference in the sleep pattern, preventing REM sleep for 72 hours, does not leave obvious evidence in the studied equine population, however, more studies are needed to better characterize how deprivation can interfere with athletic and cognitive performance.
 
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Release Date
2026-01-11
Publishing Date
2024-01-17
 
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