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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2022.tde-09092022-100623
Document
Author
Full name
Raphaella Arantes Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Gobesso, Alexandre Augusto de Oliveira (President)
Manso Filho, Helio Cordeiro
Silva, Vinicius Pimentel
Title in Portuguese
Efeito da suplementação com pectina na dieta de equinos
Keywords in Portuguese
Cavalos
Fermentação
Microbiota
Saúde digestiva
Abstract in Portuguese
Este estudo objetiva avaliar a adição de diferentes teores de pectina na dieta de equinos submetidos à alta inclusão de amido. Foram utilizados oito equinos machos, castrados, da raça Puro Sangue Árabe, de peso médio de 439,75kg ± 34,89kg e 12 anos de idade. Foram fornecidos 1,75% do peso corpóreo (PC) em matéria seca, em duas refeições diárias, com água e sal mineral ad libitum. O delineamento experimental foi o quadrado latino duplo 4×4 contemporâneo, com as quatro dietas avaliadas em quatro períodos de 22 dias cada. Para tal, 15 dias foram destinados à adaptação a dieta, 5 dias para a coleta total de fezes (CTF) e 2 dias para a coleta de conteúdo estomacal. Estes períodos foram intercalados por 15 dias de wash out. Dieta basal de referência (DB) obedeceu a relação 40% volumoso Cynodon spp. e 60% ração concentrada com alto teor de amido (4,3 g.Kg-1 de PC por dia). A superfibra utilizada resultou em 39,3% de pectina na matéria seca. Os grupos de tratamentos foram: CON) DB sem adição de superfibra; 2) DB + 120 g.dia-1 de superfibra; 3) DB + 240g.dia-1 de superfibra; 4) DB + 360g.dia-1 de superfibra. Foi utilizado um nível de significância de 10% para os testes estatísticos, além do contraste ortogonal para as análises de IgA, ao nível de 5% de significância. A resposta metabólica pós-prandial foi avaliada pela determinação dos índices glicêmicos e insulinêmicos, metabolismo de triglicérides, colesterol e frações HDL, LDL e VLDL. A resposta fermentativa a nível estomacal e fecal foi indicada pela determinação do pH, concentrações de ácido lático e ácidos graxos de cadeia curta. Ainda, o escore fecal foi avaliado quanto a cor e consistência. A atividade microbiana foi dada pelo sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA quanto às diversidades alfa e beta. A atividade inflamatória foi avaliada por meio de ultrassonografia transabdominal, fibrinogênio plasmático e concentração de IgA fecal. O comportamento foi avaliado individualmente e em grupo, por meio de etograma. O coeficiente de digestibilidade do extrato etéreo foi maior (P = 0,0134) para o tratamento P1. As concentrações de IgA fecal foram maiores (P<0,0001) no grupo P2 e P3 pelo teste de Tukey e diferente entre todos os tratamentos (P<0,0335) por contraste ortogonal. A superfibra fonte de pectina foi totalmente aceita e consumida pelos cavalos. No comportamento avaliado individualmente, foi observada a redução do ócio para P3 (P=0,0032). A suplementação com pectina não interfere na aceitabilidade, afeta o coeficiente de digestibilidade do extrato etéreo, interfere na concentração de IgA fecal e melhora o comportamento dos equinos.
Title in English
Pectin supplementation effect on horse’s diet
Keywords in English
Digestive health
Fermentation
Horses
Microbiota
Abstract in English
This study will evaluate the addition of different levels of pectin in the diet of horses included to high starch inclusion. Eight male horses, gelding, Arabian Horses, with an average weight of 439.75kg ± 34.89 kg and approximately 12 years old were used. 1.75% of body weight (BW) in the dry matter was provided in two daily meals, with water and mineral salt ad libitum. The experimental design was the contemporary double Latin square 4×4, with four diets evaluated in four periods of 22 days each, 15 days were destined for diet adaptation, 5 days for a total collection of feces (TCF), and 2 days for stomach contents collection. These periods were interspersed with 15 days of wash-out. Reference basal diet (BD) followed 40% roughage Cynodon spp. and 60% concentrated with high starch content (4.3 g.Kg-1 BW per day). The coproduct used resulted in 39.3% of pectin in dry matter. Treatment groups were CON) BD without coproduct addition; 2) BD + 120 g.day-1 by-product; 3) BD + 240 g.day-1 coproduct; 4) BD + 360 g.day-1 coproduct. A significance level of 5 and 10% was used for statistical tests, in addition to orthogonal contrast for IgA analyses, at 5%. The postprandial metabolic response was evaluated by determining glycemic and insulinemic levels, triglycerides metabolism, cholesterol and HDL, LDL, and VLDL fractions. The fermentative response at the stomach and fecal level was indicated by pH determination, lactic acid, and short-chain fatty acids concentrations. The fecal score was evaluated for color and consistency. Microbial activity was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing for alpha and beta diversity. Inflammatory activity was assessed by transabdominal ultrasound, plasma fibrinogen, and fecal IgA concentration. The behavior was evaluated individually and in groups, through an ethogram. The digestibility coefficient of ether extract was higher (P=0.0134) for treatment P1. Fecal IgA concentrations were higher (P<0.0001) in groups P2 and P3 by Tukey’s test and differences between all treatments (P<0.0335) by orthogonal contrast. The pectin source coproduct was fully accepted and consumed by horses. In the behavior evaluated individually, a reduction in idleness was observed for P3 (P=0.0032). Supplementation with pectin does not interfere with acceptability, affects the digestibility coefficient of ether extract, interferes with the concentration of fecal IgA, and improves the behavior of horses.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-11-03
 
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