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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2022.tde-12092022-113605
Document
Author
Full name
André Pegoraro Poor
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Moreno, Andrea Micke (President)
Guedes, Roberto Maurício Carvalho
Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
Knöbl, Terezinha
Oliveira, Luís Guilherme de
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização de patógenos bacterianos causadores de metrite em suínos através da cultura e análise metagenômica
Keywords in Portuguese
Fêmeas suínas
MALDI-TOF MS
Metrite
Microbiota
Sequenciamento
Abstract in Portuguese
As descargas vulvares e as infecções urogenitais, cujos sinais clínicos mais frequentes incluem a presença de secreção purulenta na região vulvar, falha reprodutiva, inapetência e má condição corporal das fêmeas, provocam graves prejuízos econômicos aos produtores de suínos. No entanto, os agentes etiológicos envolvidos, sua suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos, bem como a população bacteriana residente do trato reprodutivo de fêmeas suínas sadias são temas pouco estudados, impedindo uma avaliação crítica dos tratamentos atualmente empregados. Desse modo, os objetivos deste estudo foram isolar e identificar agentes presentes em descargas vulvares purulentas de porcas utilizando a cultura bacteriana tradicional, bem como caracterizar a microbiota vaginal de fêmeas com e sem descarga vulvar, pela metagenômica do gene 16S rRNA. Os isolados de Escherichia coli foram avaliados ainda quanto à presença de genes relacionados a infecções extraintestinais (ExPEC). A partir dos 310 animais estudados foi identificada uma ampla variedade de espécies bacterianas em fêmeas com descargas vulvares purulentas e em fêmeas saudáveis. Entre os principais agentes identificados estão E. coli, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium diphtheriae e Trueperella pyogenes. As estirpes de E. coli apresentaram diversos fatores de virulência associados à ExPEC, principalmente, as isoladas de fêmeas com descarga vulvar, e mais de 93% delas foram consideradas multirresistentes. A análise metagenômica revelou predominância de gêneros semelhantes aos identificados pelo MALDI-TOF MS, como Escherichia- Shigella, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, porém revelou outros agentes de potencial patogênico em maior abundância e associados nas fêmeas com descarga vulvar purulenta, como Bacteroides pyogenes, Streptococcus dysgalactiae e Trueperella pyogenes.
Title in English
Identification of bacterial pathogens causing metritis in pigs using culture and metagenomic analysis
Keywords in English
MALDI-TOF
Metritis
Microbiome
NGS
Sows
Abstract in English
Vulvar discharges and urogenital infections cause serious economic damage to pig producers, whose most frequent clinical signs include the presence of purulent secretion in the vulvar region, reproductive failure, lack of appetite and poor body condition of the sows. However, the etiological agents involved in these infections, the susceptibility of these agents to antimicrobials, as well as the bacterial population resident in the reproductive tract of swine females are poorly studied, which makes it difficult to critically evaluate the treatments currently employed. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify the agents present in purulent vulvar discharges of sows by traditional bacterial culture, as well as to characterize the vaginal microbiome of sows with and without purulent vulvar discharges, through the metagenomics of the 16SrRNA gene. In addition, Escherichia coli isolates were evaluated for the presence of genes related to extraintestinal infections (ExPEC). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry made it possible to identify a wide variety of bacteria in the reproductive canal of swine females. Escherichia coli, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Trueperella pyogenes are among the main isolated agents. Escherichia coli strains have several of the virulence factors associated with ExPEC, mainly in females with vulvar discharge, and more than 93% of them were considered multidrug resistant. The metagenomic analysis pointed out predominant genera similar to those indicated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus, but also revealed other agents of pathogenic potential in higher abundance and associated in females with purulent vulvar discharge, such as Bacteroides pyogenes, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Trueperella pyogenes.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-11-03
 
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