• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.10.2020.tde-28012021-182303
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Carolina Silveira Rabêlo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Miglino, Maria Angélica (President)
Cantanhede Filho, Antonio Jose
Nishiyama, Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
Noratto, Giuliana
Reis, Rui Manuel Vieira
Title in English
Evaluation of the antitumor effect of Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand (Apocynaceae) in vitro and in vivo
Keywords in English
Breast cancer
Metastasis
Milkweed
Osteosarcoma
Phytotherapy
Abstract in English
Cancer is the main public health problem worldwide and although advances have been made in anticancer therapy, there are still many gaps. In this sense, our goal was to evaluate the antitumor effect of Calotropis procera, a plant popularly used to treat several diseases, especially related to gastric and inflammatory disorders. For this, we divided the thesis into three chapters. First, it was demonstrated a general review of the main phytochemicals and biological effects described for this plant. In the second chapter, it was carried out the characterization of the crude ethanolic extract of C. procera leaves (CE), where mainly flavonoids, glycosides and cardenolides were found. We also evaluated the antitumor effect of CE, methanolic (MF) and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions of C. procera in canine mammary tumor (CMT) and canine osteosarcoma (OST) cells. As a positive control, it was used the chemotherapy drug-doxorubicin. Results demonstrated that C. procera treatment reduced the cell viability and proliferation of CMT and OST, reflecting the cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase. C. procera also altered the morphology of tumor cells, making them more round and smaller, which is suggestive of apoptosis. In fact, through flow cytometry analysis, we found that C. procera increased caspase-3, reduced angiogenesis and the mesenchymal epithelial transition, and increased p53 in OST cells; in addition to reducing PCNA in CMT cells. Finally, in the third chapter, the antimetastatic effect of crude extract phenolics from C. procera (CphE) was evaluated in 4T1 breast cancer cells and in mammary tumors of nude mice xenograft model. Quercetin - a flavonoids present in C. procera - was used as positive control. The in vitro results demonstrated that CphE reduced 4T1 cells viability and the levels of ROS, induced apoptosis, modulated Akt/mTOR, MAPK pathways, reduced cell migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In vivo, CphE reduced ERK1/2 in breast tumors, and reduced liver and lung metastasis, by reducing Cenpf and Twist. All of these results analyzed together strongly suggest that C. procera has great potential as an antitumor agent.
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do efeito antitumoral de Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand (Apocynaceae) in vitro e in vivo
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer de mama
Fitoterapia
Flor-de-seda
Metástase
Osteossarcoma
Abstract in Portuguese
O câncer é o principal problema de saúde pública no mundo e embora avanços terapêuticos tenham sido feitos, ainda existem muitas lacunas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito antitumoral de Calotropis procera, uma planta popularmente utilizada para tratar diversas doenças, especialmente relacionadas às desordens gástricas e inflamatórias. Para tal, dividimos a tese em três capítulos, sendo o primeiro uma revisão geral dos principais fitoquímicos e efeitos biológicos descritos para essa espécie vegetal. No segundo capítulo, realizamos a caracterização do extrato etanólico bruto das folhas de C. procera (CE), onde foram encontrados principalmente flavonoides, glicosídeos e cardenolídeos. Também avaliamos o potencial antitumoral de CE e das frações metanólica (MF) e acetato de etila (EAF) em células de tumor canino mamário (CMT) e osteossarcoma canino (OST). Como controle positivo foi utilizado o quimioterápico doxorrubicina. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com os extratos de C. procera reduziram a viabilidade celular e proliferação de CMT e OST, refletindo no aprisionamento das células na fase G0/G1. C. procera também alterou a morfologia das células tumorais, deixando-as mais arredondadas e menores, o que é sugestivo de apoptose. De fato, mediante a análise por citometria de fluxo, foi comprovado que C. procera aumentou caspase-3, reduziu angiogênese, o processo de transição epitélio mesenquimal, e aumentou p53 nas células OST; além de reduzir PCNA nas células CMT. Por fim, no terceiro capítulo avaliamos o potencial antimetastático do extrato fenólico bruto de C. procera (CphE) em células de câncer de mama 4T1 e em tumores mamários de camundongos num modelo xenográfico. A quercetina, um dos flavonoides presentes na C. procera, foi utilizada como controle positivo. Os resultados in vitro demonstraram que CphE reduziu a viabilidade das células 4T1; os níveis de ROS; induziu apoptose; modulou as vias de crescimento celular Akt/mTOR e MAPK; reduziu migração celular; e amenizou a transição epitélio-mesenquimal. In vivo, C. procera reduziu ERK1/2 nos tumores mamários, e reduziu metástase hepática e pulmonar, através da redução de Cenpf e Twist. Todos esses resultados analisados em conjunto sugerem fortemente que C. procera apresenta um grande potencial como agente antitumoral.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Publishing Date
2021-03-04
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.