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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.10.2022.tde-01122022-120058
Document
Author
Full name
Tamires Gomes Maglio
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Braga, Patricia Cristina Baleeiro Beltrao (President)
Cunha, Marielton dos Passos
Monezi, Telma Alves
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da infecção de SARS-CoV-2 em astrócitos
Keywords in Portuguese
Astrócitos
COVID-19
iPSC
SARS-CoV-2
SNC
Abstract in Portuguese
Descoberto no final de 2019 na cidade de Wuhan, Província de Hubei, China, o SARS- CoV-2 é um importante integrante da família Coronaviridae, sendo responsável por levar o mundo todo para um estado de alerta causando uma pandemia global. O vírus foi identificado como causador de um quadro clínico característico conhecido como “Corona- virus disease 2019” (COVID-19), causando uma Síndrome Respiratória Aguda. Por tratar- se de um vírus respiratório, transmitido por contato direto com pessoa infectada e ao tocar superfícies contaminadas, rapidamente o SARS-CoV-2 se espalhou por todo o mundo, causando uma pandemia, tendo hoje mais de 535 milhões de pessoas infectadas e causando mais de 6 milhões de mortes. Além do sistema respiratório, o vírus está presente em outras células do organismo. Achados mostram a presença do SARS-CoV-2 no fluído cefalorraquidiano associado com alterações na expressão de marcadores de inflamação neuronal, assim como uma expressão aumentada de citocinas liberadas pelos astrócitos, indicando uma alteração no Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC). Neste projeto, analisamos os efeitos da infecção do SARS-CoV-2 diretamente em astrócitos, células da glia extremamente importantes para a manutenção da homeostase e defesa do SNC. Para tanto, produzimos astrócitos a partir de três linhagens de iPSC humanas para verificar aspectos da morfologia e fisiologia celular, bem como na expressão gênica e proteica, após a infecção com o vírus. Verificamos que o SARS-CoV-2 é capaz de infectar os astrócitos, os quais sofrem modificações da sua morfologia e indução de apoptose. Além disso, verificamos que houve produção de citocinas nos astrócitos infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2, o que pode prejudicar a homeostase do SNC no caso do vírus atravessar a barreira-hemato-encefálica e chegar ao cérebro.
Title in English
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in astrocytes
Keywords in English
Astrocytes
CNS
COVID-19
iPSC
SARS-CoV-2
Abstract in English
Discovered in late 2019 in a market in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, SARS- CoV-2 is an important member of the Coronaviridae family, responsible for bringing the whole world into a state of alert causing a global pandemic. The virus has been identified as causing a characteristic clinical condition known as “Corona-virus disease 2019” (COVID-19), causing an Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Being a respiratory virus, transmitted by direct contact with an infected person and by touching contaminated surfaces, SARS-CoV-2 quickly spread throughout the world, causing a pandemic, having today more than 535 million people infected and causing more than million deaths. In addition to the respiratory system, the virus is present in other cells in the body. Findings show the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid associated with changes in the expression of neuronal inflammation markers, as well as an increased expression of cytokines released by astrocytes, indicating an alteration in the Central Nervous System (CNS). In this project, we analyzed the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection directly on astrocytes, glial cells that are extremely important for the maintenance of homeostasis and CNS defense. Therefore, we produced astrocytes from three human iPSC strains to verify aspects of cell morphology and physiology, as well as gene and protein expression, after infection with the virus. We verified that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of infecting astrocytes, which undergo changes in their morphology and induction of apoptosis. In addition, we verified that there was production of cytokines in astrocytes infected by SARS-CoV-2, which may impair CNS homeostasis in case the virus crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches the brain.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-01-03
 
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