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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.99.2012.tde-21022014-102109
Document
Author
Full name
Maria dos Remédios Freitas Carvalho Branco
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Pannuti, Claudio Sergio (President)
Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco
Burattini, Marcelo Nascimento
Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves
Figueiredo, Gerusa Maria
Title in Portuguese
Fatores de risco associados a óbito em crianças brasileiras com dengue grave: um estudo caso-controle
Keywords in Portuguese
Brasil
Crianças (Mortalidade)
Dengue
Estudos de casos e controles
Fatores de risco
Prognóstico
Abstract in Portuguese
A dengue é um importante problema de saúde pública, responsável por cerca de 25.000 mortes anuais em áreas subtropicais do mundo. Desde 2001, há uma tendência de aumento da incidência de formas fatais de febre hemorrágica da dengue (FHD) no Brasil, com aumento dramático de casos graves em menores de 15 anos de idade a partir de 2007, especialmente na região nordeste do país. O objetivo deste estudo caso-controle foi avaliar fatores de risco associados a óbito em crianças com dengue grave. Avaliamos a condição clínica de pacientes internados que morreram de dengue (n=18) e comparamos com pacientes internados com dengue grave que sobreviveram (controles, n=77). Os pacientes incluídos no estudo foram menores de 13 anos de idade internados em hospitais de São Luís, nordeste do Brasil, com diagnóstico laboratorial confirmado de dengue. O diagnóstico de infecção aguda de dengue foi confirmado pela detecção de anticorpos IgM específicos de dengue através do MAC-ELISA (IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) ou pela detecção do DENV em soro, sangue ou víscera pela técnica de Transcrição Reversa - Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase (RT-PCR). Sinais de choque descompensado (extremidades frias, cianose e letargia) e hemoptise foram fortemente associados a óbito, o que está de acordo com a mais recente classificação da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) para dengue grave. Epistaxe e vômitos persistentes também foram fortemente associados a óbito. Embora incluídos na mais recente classificação de dengue da OMS como sinais de alarme, epistaxe e vômitos incoercíveis não estão incluídos na definição da OMS para dengue grave. Estes achados necessitam ser explorados em estudos posteriores. Como unidades de terapia intensiva são frequentemente limitadas em cenários com poucos recursos, qualquer informação que possa distinguir, dentre os pacientes com dengue grave, aqueles com maior risco de evolução a óbito, pode ser crucial.
Title in English
Risk factors associated with death in Brazilian children with severe dengue: a case-control study
Keywords in English
Brazil
Case-control studies
Children (Mortality)
Dengue
Prognosi
Risk factors
Abstract in English
Dengue is a major public health problem, responsible for about 25,000 deaths in subtropical areas every year. In Brazil, the incidence of fatal forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever has increased since 2001. In particular, there has been a dramatic increase in severe cases in patients younger than 15 years of age since 2007, especially in the Northeastern region of the country. The purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate risk factors associated with death in children with severe dengue. The clinical condition of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who died (cases, n=18) was compared with that of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who survived (controls, n=77). Inclusion criteria for this study were: age under 13 years; hospital admission in São Luis, Northeastern Brazil; and laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of dengue. The diagnosis of acute dengue infection was confirmed by detection of dengue-specific IgM antibodies using an IgM Antibody Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (MAC-ELISA) or by DENV detection in serum, blood, or viscera by a Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Death was strongly associated with signals of hypotensive shock (cold extremities, cyanosis and lethargy) and hemoptysis. These associations are in accordance with the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) case classification for severe dengue. We also found that epistaxis and persistent vomiting were strongly associated with death, both are included as warning signs in the WHO classification of dengue, but they are not included in the most recent WHO definition of severe dengue. These findings should be explored in further studies. Because intensive care units are often limited in resource-poor settings, any information that can help to distinguish patients with severe dengue with higher risk to progress to death may be crucial.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-02-26
 
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