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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2006.tde-29062006-105821
Document
Author
Full name
Milene da Silva Castellen
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Amaral, Weber Antonio Neves do (President)
Carvalho, Dulcinéia de
Gandolfi, Sergius
Mori, Edson Seizo
Veasey, Elizabeth Ann
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do estado de conservação de populações naturais de jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.) por meio de análises de estrutura genética e autocorrelação espacial
Keywords in Portuguese
espécie florestal nativa
Jatobá
marcador molecular
populações vegetais
variação genética em plantas
Abstract in Portuguese
Hymenaea courbaril (Caesalpinaceae) é uma espécie tropical madeireira que apresenta grande plasticidade fenotípica observada taxonomicamente na forma de seis variedades. Nove loci microssatélites foram utilizados para estudar a estrutura espacial e a distribuição da estrutura genética dentro e entre populações de Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa e Hymenaea courbaril var courbaril, no Brasil e no Panamá, respectivamente. Os níveis de diversidade genética obtidos nas cinco populações estudadas foram elevados, em média ∃ He = 0,744. Observou-se que a maior parte da variabilidade está contida dentro das populações e não entre as variedades estudadas. Desse modo, a diferenciação foi maior dentro de populações pertencentes a uma mesma região ( θ p / R =0,084) que entre regiões ( θ R =0,034). Adicionalmente, foram detectados significantes déficits de heterozigotos e elevados coeficientes de coancestria, associadas a um baixo tamanho efetivo em todas as populações estudadas. As análises moleculares indicaram diferenciação significativa, porém baixa, entre as variedades, tendo em vista a distância geográfica entre as mesmas e a plasticidade fenotípica observada. As análises de autocorrelação espacial revelaram a existência de uma forte estruturação entre os genótipos. Considerando o atual estágio de conservação da espécie e o grau de degradação na escala da paisagem, foram detectados efeitos “bottlenecks" e elevados níveis de endogamia nas populações. Desta forma, recomenda-se que estratégias para conservação genética dessas variedades levem em consideração a distribuição espacial combinando metodologias complementares de conservação “in situ" e “ex situ".
Title in English
Assessment of the conservation status of natural populations of jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.) using a genetic structure and spatial autocorrelation approaches
Keywords in English
genetic conservation
molecular markers
variability
Abstract in English
Hymenaea courbaril (Caesalpinaceae) is a tropical timber species, having substantial phenotypic plasticity expressed morphologically into six varieties. Nine microsatellite loci were used for the assessment of the spatial structure and patterns of genetic structure within and among populations of Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa and Hymenaea courbaril var. courbaril in Brazil and Panamá respectively. Levels of genetic diversity, found in the five populations studied, were high, in average ∃ He = 0,744. Most of the variation was found within populations and not between the two varities. The genetic differentiation was also larger within populations belonging to the same region ( θ p / R =0,084) that between regions ( θ R =0,034). Significant deficit of heterozygotes and high levels of coancestry due to small effective population size in all study populations were also found. Spatial autocorrelational analysis had shown a strong degree of genetic structure among the genotypes. Molecular analysis had detected a significant, but small, differentiation between varieties, even considering the geographic distance and the phenotypic plasticity observed. Considering all the results found, the current conservation status of this species and the degree of degradation at landscape level, it is more likely that the combination of these factors had contributed for the manifestation of the bottleneck effect detected and the high levels of endogamy. Therefore it is highly recommended that strategies for genetic conservation of this species take into account its patterns of spatial distribution and combine in-situ and ex-situ efforts for conservation complementary conservation strategies.
 
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MileneCastellen.pdf (490.34 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2006-07-10
 
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