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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.91.2005.tde-17082005-164045
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda de Carvalho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Cardoso, Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira (President)
Ballester, Maria Victoria Ramos
Moreira, Fatima Maria de Souza
Title in Portuguese
Atributos bioquímicos como indicadores da qualidade de solo em florestas de Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. no estado de São Paulo.
Keywords in Portuguese
araucária
bioquímica do solo
solo florestal
solos – qualidade
Abstract in Portuguese
Araucaria angustifolia, espécie brasileira considerada a mais explorada devido à qualidade de sua madeira, encontra-se na atualidade ameaçada de extinção. Diante deste fato a preservação dos remanescentes torna-se ainda mais importante, considerando que a extinção de uma única espécie pode comprometer todo um ecossistema. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a utilização dos atributos bioquímicos como indicadores de qualidade do solo em seis ecossistemas de araucária. Os atributos bioquímicos considerados foram carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana, respiração basal, quociente metabólico, e atividade das enzimas β-glicosidase, urease e hidrólise do diacetato de fluoresceína (FDA) Os ecossistemas avaliados foram mata com araucária (nativa, nativa com interferência antrópica e reflorestamento) em dois parques estaduais (PECJ e PETAR), localizados em duas diferentes regiões do Estado de São Paulo, Campos do Jordão e Apiaí, respectivamente. Foram selecionadas cinco árvores de araucária por ecossistema, onde, sob a copa de cada uma foram retiradas três amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-10 cm, totalizando quinze amostras por ecossistema. Foram realizadas quatro coletas em estações contrastantes, no inverno de 2002 e 2003 e no verão de 2003 e 2004. Os valores isolados de carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana, não serviram como indicadores precisos e confiáveis da qualidade do solo quanto os demais parâmetros avaliados. Os atributos bioquímicos que denotam processos edáficos dos ecossistemas (respiração basal, quociente metabólico, FDA e a atividade das enzimas urease e β-glicosidase) mostraram-se mais sensíveis para captar as alterações ocorridas no ambiente, e os valores encontrados para estes atributos sugerem que os ecossistemas avaliados sejam sustentáveis, onde a cobertura vegetal e rizosfera seriam importantes para a manutenção de sua funcionalidade.
Title in English
Biochemichal attributes as soil quality indicator in Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.). Ktze. forests in the State of São Paulo.
Keywords in English
Brazil Pine
soil biochemistry
soil forest
soil quality
Abstract in English
Brazil Pine (Araucaria angustifolia) has been the most explored Brazilian tree species due to its high quality wood and nowadays it is endangered of extinction. Therefore the preservation of the remainders becomes even more important, considering that the extinction of one species could endanger the whole ecosystem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biochemichal soil attributes as soil quality indicators in six Brazil Pine ecosystems. The following biochemichal attributes were evaluated: carbon and nitrogen of the microbial biomass, soil respiration, the metabolic quotient, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis and the activities of β-glicosidase and urease. The different Brazil Pine ecosystems that were considered, consisted of native forests, replanted areas, impacted area in the two state parks (PECJ and PETAR), located in two different regions of the State of São Paulo-Brazil, Campos do Jordão and Apiaí, respectively. Five Pine trees for each ecosystems were selected and three 0-10cm deep soil samples were collected under the crown of each tree, totalizing fifteen samples. The samplings were carried out in the winter of 2002 and 2003 and in the summer of 2003 and 2004. The carbon and nitrogen microbial biomass by themselves were less sensitive than other attributes as indicators of soil quality. Parameters related to soil processes in the ecosystems (soil respiration, metabolic quotient, FDA hydrolysis and the enzymatic activity of urease and β-glicosidase were more responsive to environmental disturbance. Nevertheless, these parameters suggest that all evaluated the ecosystems are sustainable, and that the vegetation (rhizosphere) is very important for maintenance of its functionality.
 
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Publishing Date
2005-08-20
 
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