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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.91.2016.tde-11122015-150822
Document
Author
Full name
Fábio Eduardo Penatti
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Tornisielo, Valdemar Luiz (President)
Christofoletti, Carmen Silvia Fontanetti
Jonsson, Claudio Martin
Maranho, Lucineide Aparecida
Vieira, Eny Maria
Title in Portuguese
Determinação dos potenciais toxicológicos em organismos aquáticos de resíduos de misturas de solventes orgânicos utilizados em laboratórios
Keywords in Portuguese
Efluentes
Organismos aquáticos
Resíduos
Solventes
Toxicologia
Abstract in Portuguese
Resíduos líquidos são comumente gerados como subprodutos das análises físico-químicas em laboratórios. Grande parte destes resíduos são compostos por solventes orgânicos, e em muitos dos processos analíticos, não possuem sistemas de gerenciamento para destinação correta destes resíduos, sendo assim escoados diretamente nos sistemas de esgoto, podendo, desta forma, causar impactos ambientais significativos nos ecossistemas aquáticos próximos aos estabelecimentos. Diante destes problemas, o presente trabalho mostrou, por meio de análises da toxicidade dos solventes orgânicos, que os solventes acetonitrila, metanol, diclorometano e clorofórmio, testados nos organismos aquáticos: Daphnia magna, Daphnia similis, Ceriodaphnia dúbia e Danio rerio, possuem toxicidades diferentes ao se comparar os testes com os tratamentos individuais com os testados por meio de suas misturas. Os resultados de toxicidade aguda dos tratamentos dos solventes não halogenados individuais, ficaram na faixa de 5.000 mg.L-1 a 21.764 mg.L-1 , e os tratamentos com a mistura de solventes ficaram na faixa de 707 mg.L- 1 a 3.404 mg.L-1, demonstrando que as misturas dos solventes halogenados com não halogenados potencializam a toxicidade em torno de 6 a 7 vezes, se comparados com a toxicidade dos ensaios com os tratamentos individuais. Da mesma forma, para os ensaios crônicos, as maiores concentrações com os solventes testados individualmente ficaram na faixa de 625 mg.L-1 a 1.562 mg.L-1 , sendo que as misturas de todos os solventes, ficaram na faixa de 125 mg.L-1 a 312 mg.L-1, mostrando assim uma potenciação da toxicidade em torno de 5 vezes.
Title in English
Determination of the toxicological potential in aquatic organisms for residues from organic solvent mixtures used in laboratories
Keywords in English
Effluents
Environment
Fishes
Microcrustaceans
Products
Abstract in English
Liquid wastes are commonly generated as by-products of physicochemical analyses in laboratories. Most of these residues are comprised of organic solvents, and in many analytical processes, there are no management systems for proper disposal of the wastes. Thus, they are drained directly into the sewer systems and might thus cause significant environmental impacts to the nearby aquatic ecosystems. Faced with these problems, this study has shown, through the toxicity of organic solvents analyses, the acetonitrile solvent, methanol, dichloromethane and chloroform, tested on aquatic organisms: Daphnia magna, Daphnia similis, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Danio rerio have different toxicities when compared to the tests with the individual treatments tested through their mixtures. The results of acute toxicity of individual treatments of non-halogenated solvents were in the range of 5.000 mg.L-1 to 21.764 mg.L-1. The treatments with mixtures of solvents were in the range of 707 mg.L-1 to 3.404 mg.L-1. These results show that mixtures of the halogenated solvents with non-halogenated potentiate the toxicity, approximately 6 to 7 times, compared to the toxicity tests with the individual treatments. Likewise, for the chronic studies the higher concentrations with solvents individually tested were in the range of mg.L-1 to 1.562 mg.L-1, and the mixtures of all solvents, were in the range of 125 mg.L-1 to 312 mg.L-1, showing a potentiation of toxicity around 5 times.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-01-18
 
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