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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2006.tde-16052007-202416
Document
Author
Full name
Virgínia Martins Carvalho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Chasin, Alice Aparecida da Matta (President)
Moreau, Regina Lúcia de Moraes
Nappo, Solange Aparecida
Title in Portuguese
Pesquisa dos indicadores de uso do "crack" em amostras de urina de indivíduos submetidos a exame médico-legal
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise toxicológica
Benzoilecgonina
Cocaína
Crack
Éster metilanidroecgonina
Indicador de crack
Toxicologia forense
Abstract in Portuguese
Atualmente os dados epidemiológicos sobre a exposição ao crack no Brasil são preocupantes, principalmente entre crianças e adolescentes na capital de São Paulo. É sabido que o crack apresenta um potencial maior que o correspondente a outras formas de uso da cocaína para causar dependência. Apesar de haver numerosos estudos e métodos validados para identificação e quantificação de cocaína em fluidos biológicos, o mesmo não ocorre para a caracterização de seu uso na forma de crack. Todos os métodos descritos para diferenciação de exposição ao crack empregam equipamentos de alto custo e que nem sempre são viáveis para a realidade econômica dos laboratórios públicos brasileiros. Este trabalho objetivou desenvolver e aplicar um método eficiente e viável economicamente para identificação e quantificação dos indicadores de uso do crack em amostras de urina provenientes do Núcleo de Toxicologia Forense do Instituto Médico-Legal de São Paulo. O método mostrou-se linear na faixa de interesse (intervalo dinâmico de 0,2 a 20 µg/mL) para éster metilanidroecgonina. Os limites de detecção e quantificação foram de 0,1 e 0,2 µg/mL respectivamente e os testes de estabilidade mostraram-se satisfatórios (degradação menor que 10% após 30 dias). Foram analisadas trinta e sete amostras de urina sendo que onze foram positivas para o indicador escolhido mostrando a utilidade do método no esclarecimento de ocorrências no âmbito forense, no sentido de indicar se a intoxicação da cocaína se deu por esta forma de exposição (utilização de crack).
Title in English
Research on crack biomarkers in urine samples of individuals who underwent medical-legal exams
Keywords in English
Anhydroecgonine methyl ester
Benzoylecgonine
Biomarker of crack use
Cocaine
Forensic toxicology
Medical-legal exams
Abstract in English
At the present time, epidemiologic data on the prevalence of crack in Brazil is alarming, principally as it concerns young children and teenagers in the capital city of São Paulo of São Paulo State. It is known that with crack there is a greater potential for dependency than that corresponding to other forms of cocaine use in causing dependency. Although numerous studies and methods have been validated for the identification and quantification of cocaine in biological fluids, the same is not true for the characterization of its use in the form of crack. All the methods described for differentiating the exposure to crack employ very expensive equipment, which is not always viable to the economic reality of the Brazilian public laboratories. This study had as its objective the development and application of a method that is efficient and economically viable for the identification and quantification of products of crack biomarkers in urine samples from the Forensic Toxicology Lab of the Legal Medicine Institute of São Paulo. The method showed to be linear in the interest range (dynamic range from 0.2 to 20 µg/mL ) for anhydroecgonine methyl ester. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.1 and 0.2 µg/mL respectively, and the stability tests proved to be satisfactory (less than 10% lost after 30 days). Thirty seven urine samples were analyzed such that these 11 were positive for the chosen biomarker, showing the usefulness of the method for clarification purposes in the forensic environment, in the sense of indicating whether the intoxication from cocaine was of this form of exposition (crack use).
 
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crack.pdf (2.78 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-07-30
 
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