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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2010.tde-02082010-094914
Document
Author
Full name
Delia Manuela Luna Pinto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Kaneko, Telma Mary (President)
Lopes, Patricia Santos
Wadt, Nilsa Sumie Yamashita
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial e do extrato de Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epling
Keywords in Portuguese
Atividade antimicrobiana
Extrato hidroalcoólico
Minthostachys setosa
Óleo essencial
Pulegona
Abstract in Portuguese
A espécie Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epling é uma planta arbustiva aromática da família Lamiaceae que ocorre ao longo dos Andes, da Venezuela até a Argentina. A utilização popular dessa planta para diferentes fins medicinais demanda a investigação dos seus efeitos farmacológicos. O objetivo proposto foi a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial, e dos seus componentes majoritários, e do extrato hidroalcoólico liofilizado das partes aéreas da Minthostachys setosa. A planta foi submetida à extração, por percolação, obtendo-se o extrato hidroalcoólico, e por arraste a vapor, o óleo essencial. O extrato hidroalcoólico e o seu liofilizado foram submetidos à análise cromatográfica em camada delgada, mostrando a presença de flavonoides e taninos. O óleo essencial foi submetido à cromatografia a gás acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM) e apresentou 39 compostos, sendo os majoritários a pulegona (28,6%), a mentona (12,6%) e a isomentona (11%). O método de diluição em meio líquido em microplacas foi utilizado para avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do extrato liofilizado, do óleo essencial e dos seus compostos majoritários. As amostras foram desafiadas frente Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 e Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, comparando-se a eficácia com antibióticos específicos. O extrato liofilizado mostrou Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) de 1,25 mg/mL para todos os microrganismos estudados, com exceção do Aspergillus niger, que não apresentou atividade. O óleo essencial mostrou valores de CIM entre 0,4 e 2,8 µg/mL, conforme o microrganismo desafiado. A pulegona mostrou valores de CIM entre 0,8 e 1,6 µg/mL e a mentona apresentou somente atividade frente S. aureus, com CIM de 2,9 µg/mL antimicrobiana. Portanto, o extrato liofilizado, o óleo essencial e os seus compostos majoritários da Minthostachys. setosa podem ser considerados candidatos à utilização como antimicrobianos em formulações cosméticas e farmacêuticas.
Title in English
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extract of Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epling
Keywords in English
Antimicrobial activity
Essential oil
Hydroalcoholic extract
Minthostachys setosa
Pulegone
Abstract in English
The Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epling specie plants aromatic shrub of the Lamiaceae family occurs throughout Andes, since Venezuela until Argentina. The popular use of this plant for different medicinal ends has been as indicative to the inquiry of the pharmacologic effect. The aim of the work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and his majority components, and hydroalcoholic extract and his lyophilized product of the Minthostachys setosa aerial parts. The plant had been submitted to the extraction by percolating and to obtain the hydroalcoholic extract, and by steam distillation the essential oil. The hydroalcoholic extract and his lyophilized product have submitted to the chromatographic analysis in thin layer, showing in its composition the presence of flavonoids and tannins. The chemical composition of essential oils were determined by spectrometry of masses (CG-EM) and it has presented 39 composites, being majority a pulegone (28.6%), the mentone (12.6%) and isomentone (11%). The antimicrobial activity of the lyophilized extract, the essential oil and majority components were assessed by microdilution method. The samples had challenged against the Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, the Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and the to Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, and the specific antibiotics have been used as positive control. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determined of the lyophilized extract for all the microorganisms studied has been of 1,25 mg/mL, with exception of the to A. niger that it has not presented activity. The essential oil has showed lower MIC, between 0,4 and 2,8 µg/mL, against different challenged microorganisms. Pulegone has showed MIC between 0,8 - 1,6 µg/mL and mentona the MIC against S. aureus of 2,9 µg/mL. Therefore, the lyophilized extract, the essential oil and its majority components of the M. setosa can be considered candidates the use as antimicrobial in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-09-10
 
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