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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2017.tde-17042017-105954
Document
Author
Full name
Viviane Mazo Fávero Gimenes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Almeida, Sandro Rogerio de (President)
Martins, Jose Eduardo Costa
Melhem, Marcia de Souza Carvalho
Taborda, Carlos Pelleschi
Vaz, Adelaide Jose
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da resposta imune celular em pacientes com cromoblastomicose
Keywords in Portuguese
Cromoblastomicose (Imunologia; Estudo clínico)
Imunologia celular (Estudo clínico)
Abstract in Portuguese
A cromoblastomicose é uma micose crônica que causa lesões granulomatosas e supurativas que atingem a pele e o tecido subcutâneo. Micose cosmopolita e freqüentemente observada no Brasil. As lesões aumentam progressivamente e posteriormente podem desenvolver um processo crônico e que geralmente não respondem a uma terapia convencional. Entretanto o mecanismo de defesa da resposta imune adaptativa, principalmente das células T na cromoblastomicose ainda não está definido. Em nosso estudo avaliamos a produção de citocinas e a resposta linfoproliferativa de diferentes amostras de sangue de pacientes com cromoblastomicose e indivíduos saudáveis in vitro após estimulação com antígenos do fungo. Além disso, nos acompanhamos esses pacientes sob terapia antifúngica em diferentes períodos de tratamento. Este estudo mostrou que a forma grave da cromoblastomicose é caracterizada pelo aumento na produção de IL-10 e deficiência na proliferação das células T após estimulação com antígenos do fungo. Ao contrario, pacientes com a forma leve da doença foram capazes de secretar predominantemente IFN-γ, que é uma citocina importante para defesa do hospedeiro. Em adição eles secretaram menores quantidades de IL-10 e suas células T proliferaram eficientemente in vitro após estimulação do fungo. Os pacientes avaliados após 6 meses de terapia antifúngica as células T proliferaram e secretaram altos níveis de IFN-γ eficientemente após estimulação. Ao contrário, pacientes com 12 meses de tratamento ocorreu um aumento na produção de IL-10 uma diminuição nos níveis de linfoproliferação. Interessantemente, os monócitos obtidos desses pacientes durante a doença foram capazes expressar moléculas co-estimulatorias (CD80 e CD86) e também aumento nos níveis de HLA-DR após estimulação com LPS. Além disso, monócitos desses pacientes secretam altos níveis de IL-12 e TNF-α, sugerindo que a suscetibilidade desses pacientes não apresentam uma deficiência na apresentação de antígeno por monócitos. Em suma, em nossos resultados mostraram que alta secreção de IFN-γ e eficiente proliferação de células T de pacientes com cromoblastomicose está diretamente relacionada com a forma leve da doença, enquanto que a produção de IL-10 e diminuição na proliferação de células T caracterizam a forma grave da doença.
Title in English
Study of cellular immune response in patients with chromoblastomycosis
Keywords in English
Cellular immunology (Clinical study)
Chromoblastomycosis (Immunology; Clinical study)
Abstract in English
Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic granulomatous and suppurative disease that causes lesions mainly in skin and subcutaneous tissues. Although found worldwide, this mycosis is frequently observed in tropical countries such as Brazil. The skin lesions increase slowly and progressively in a chronic process that usually relapse even after canonical treatment. However, the mechanism of the host adaptive immune response, specially the role of T cells, in chromoblastomycosis is still unclear. In studies here, we evaluated the cytokine production and T cell response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from different patients and healthy controls upon in vitro stimulation with fungal antigens. Moreover, we performed a follow-up study in patients undergoing long-term antifungal treatment. We collected PBMC samples from patients with an active form (either severe or mild skin lesions) of chromoblastomycosis and PBMC samples from healthy individuais. In PBMC from patients with a severe form of the disease we found a predominant production of IL-10 over IFN-gamma and a deficiency in T cell proliferation upon fungal antigen stimulation. In contrast, PBMC from patients in a mild form of the disease were able to secrete predominantly IFN-gamma, a cytokine important for host defense. In addition, they secreted low amounts of IL-10 and their T cells efficiently proliferated under in vitro stimulation with the fungal antigens. Surprisingly, the patients undergoing 6 months antifungal therapy PBMC from patients secreted higher amounts of IFN-gamma and their T cells proliferated efficiently upon stimulation. On the contrary, PBMC from patients after 12m of treatment showed an increase in IL-10 secretion followed by an inefficient T cell proliferation. Interestingly, monocytes obtained from patients during chronic phase of the disease were able to up-regulate their co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86) as well as their HLA-DR upon in vitro fungal stimulation. Moreover, monocytes from these patients secreted high amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and TNF-alfa, suggesting that susceptibility of patients must be due to a immune deficiency other than a monocyte deactivation. Altogether, our data clearly show that a higher secretion of IFN-gamma and an efficient T cell proliferation of PBMC from infected individuals can distinguish the mild from the severe form of the chromoblastomycosis
 
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Publishing Date
2017-04-17
 
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