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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2017.tde-14092017-161833
Document
Author
Full name
Maria Rita Rodrigues
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Campa, Ana (President)
Bortoluci, Karina Ramalho
Brunetti, Iguatemy Lourenço
Gomes, Ligia Ferreira
Markus, Regina Pekelmann
Title in Portuguese
Modulação da ativação de macrófagos por neutrófilos e pelo hormônio melatonina e seu produto de oxidação N1-acetil-N2-formil-5-metoxiquinuramina
Keywords in Portuguese
AFMK
AMK
Bioquímica celular
Imunologia celular
Inflamação (Controle)
Macrófagos
Melatonina (Imunologia)
Mieloperoxidase
Neutrófilos
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste estudo avaliamos a ativação de macrófagos por: (i) neutrófilos e (ii) melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação N1-acetil-N2-formil-5-metoxiquinuramina (AFMK) e N1-acetil-5-metoxiquinuramina (AMK). Para estudarmos o papel dos neutrófilos na ativação de macrófagos utilizamos um modelo experimental onde camundongos C57BL/6 receberam anticorpo anti-granulócitos (i.v.) e após 36 horas receberam o mitógeno Con A. Verificamos que a depleção dos neutrófilos diminuiu a atividade do sistema NADPH oxidase e a capacidade fagocítica e microbicida dos macrófagos, entretanto não comprometeu a atividade das enzimas mieloperoxidase (MPO) e óxido nítrico sintase (iNOS). Para estudarmos o efeito de melatonina, AFMK e AMK sobre a ativação de macrófagos, avaliamos a produção de citocinas e a atividade microbicida destas células. Primeiramente, acompanhamos a liberação de citocinas em cultura de células mononucleares humanas. Melatonina, AFMK e AMK inibiram a liberação de TNF-α, IL-12 e IFN-γ, mas não afetaram a liberação de IL-10. Num estudo posterior, macrófagos murino ativados com IFN-γ e infectados com T. cruzi foram incubados com melatonina, AFMK e AMK. Esta incubação resultou na diminuição de NO e aumento da replicação intracelular do parasita T. cruzi. Em conclusão, mostramos duas maneiras nas quais a ativação de macrófagos pode ser modulada. A primeira mostra que a interação de neutrófilos com macrófagos, no foco inflamatório parece ser um fator determinante para a atividade microbicida de macrófagos. E a segunda mostra que a interação da melatonina e seus produtos de oxidação com macrófagos contribui para a desativação do processo inflamatório, ampliando o conhecimento sobre o papel imunomodulador descrito para melatonina.
Title in English
Modulation of macrophage activation by neutrophils and by the hormone melatonin and its oxidation product N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxyquinauramine
Keywords in English
AFMK
AMK
Cellular biochemistry
Cellular immunology
Inflammation (Control)
Macrophages
Melatonin (Immunology)
Myeloperoxidase
Neutrophils
Abstract in English
This study we evaluate macrophage activation by (i) neutrophils and (ii) melatonin and its oxidation products N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK). Neutrophils role in macrophage activation was studied by an experimental model when mice C57BL/6 was injected with antigranulocyte antibody and 36 hours later they received the mitogenic ConA. We verified that neutrophil depletion decreased NADPH oxidase system activity, macrophage phagocytic and microbicide capacity. However, mieloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide sintase (iNOS) activity was not compromised. Melatonin, AFMK and AMK effect in macrophage activation was evaluated by the cytokines production and microbicide activity of theses cells. We verified cytokines release in human mononuclear cells culture. Melatonin, AFMK and AMK inhibited TNF-α, IL-12 and IFN-γ release, but IL-10 was not affected. After that, IFN-γ-activated murine macrophage was infected with T. cruzi and incubated with melatonin, AFMK and AMK. We verify NO decrease and that intracellular replication of the parasite T. cruzi increased. In conclusion, we showed that there is two modulation ways for macrophage activation. First, neutrophil -macrophage interaction in inflammatory site seems to be a determinant factor to macrophage microbicide activity. And second, macrophage interaction with melatonin hormone and its oxidation products leads to deactivation of the inflammatory process, raising knowledge of immunomodulatory role described to melatonin.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-09-14
 
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