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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.1997.tde-31082012-143716
Document
Author
Full name
Nadir do Nascimento Nogueira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1997
Supervisor
Committee
Cozzolino, Silvia Maria Franciscato (President)
Colli, Celia
Fisberg, Mauro
Moreno, Fernando Salvador
Parente, Joaquim Vaz
Title in Portuguese
Estudo comparativo sobre os efeitos da suplementação com ferro (diferentes concentrações), ácido fólico e zinco no estado nutricional de adolescentes grávidas e de seus conceptos
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescente
Anemia
Dieta
Ferro
Gravidez
Nutrição
Suplementação
Abstract in Portuguese
Esse estudo foi conduzido com 75 adolescentes grávidas, entre 13 e 18 anos de idade, com o objetivo de se investigar o efeito da suplementação com diferentes concentrações de ferro (80 e 120 mg/dia), e quantidades constantes de ácido fólico (250 µg/dia) e zinco (5 mg), no estado nutricional materno, referente a esses nutrientes, e a repercussão sobre o concepto. As adolescentes foram aleatoriamente distribuídas em cinco grupos, ficando assim distribuídos: Grupo I: recebendo 120 mg de ferro + 250 µg de folato; Grupo II: 80 mg de ferro + 250 µg de folato; grupo III: 120 mg de ferro + 250 µg de folato + 5 mg de zinco; Grupo IV: 80 mg de ferro + 250 µg de folato + 5 mg de zinco, e o Grupo V: recebendo ferro, de acordo com a rotina, 120 mg/dia. Duas colheitas de sangue foram realizadas; uma, entre 16 e 20 semanas de gravidez, e a outra, entre 37 e 38 semanas. Foi realizado um inquérito alimentar (recordatório de 24 horas), e tomada de peso e altura, a cada consulta. A dieta consumida pelas adolescentes, apresentou-se para o ferro, o ácido fólico e o zinco, abaixo dos dois terços da RDA. Bioquimicamente, as adolescentes encontravam-se com o estado nutricional comprometido, quanto aos três nutrientes. Antropometricamente, mais de 60% das adolescentes eram eutróficas, ao iniciar o pré-natal. A suplementação com 80 mg e 120 mg de ferro, associado a 250 µg de folato, provocou resposta hemoglobínica semelhante, e não refletiu nas reservas corpóreas de ferro. A suplementação também provocou impacto significante no estado nutricional do ácido fólico, porém, não foi observado correlação entre esses resultados, e o estado nutricional do recém-nascido, e complicações na gravidez. Sugere-se, portanto, que a adolescente grávida, faça uso de suplemento, com 80 mg de ferro, 250 µg de folato, e concentrações de zinco superiores a 5mg/dia, associado a um bom acompanhamento pré-natal.
Title in English
Comparative study of the effects of iron supplementation (different concentrations), folic acid and zinc on the nutritional status of pregnant adolescents and their babies
Keywords in English
Anemia
Diet
Iron
Nutrition
Pregnancy
Supplementation
Teenagers
Abstract in English
This study was carried out with 75 pregnant teenagers, between 13 and 18 years, with the purpose of investigating the effect of supplementation with different concentration of iron (80 and 120 mg/day) and constant amount of folic acid (250 µg/day) and zinc (5 mg/day), in the maternal nutritional condition, related to these nutrients, and consequence in the concept. The teenagers were randomly distributed in five groups: Group I: it gets 120 mg of iron + 250 µg of folate; Group II: 80 mg of iron + 250 µg of folate; Group III: 120 mg of iron + 250 µg of folate + 5 mg of zinc; Group IV: 80 mg of iron + 250 µg of folate + 5 mg of zinc, and Group V: 120 mg/day iron according to the routine. Two blood samples were collected: one, between 16 and 20 weeks of pregnancy, and another, between 37 and 38 weeks of pregnancy. It was performed a food inquery (within 24 hours), and for every teenager weight and height were taken during respective appointment. Results showed that for the teenagers diet, iron, folic acid and zinc concentration was above two third of RDA. Biochemically, the teenagers had the nutritional condition endangered, for these three nutrients. Anthropometrically, more than 60% of teenagers were eithrophic, at the begging of prenatal. The supplementation with 80 mg and 120 mg of iron, associated with 250 mg of folate promoted similar hemoglobinic reply, and it didn't influence the corporal iron supply.This supplementation also promoted significant impact on folic acid nutritional condition and conversely it wasn't observed correlation between these results and nutritional condition of the newborn baby and problems during pregnancy. Our results suggest that the pregnant teenager, should take diet supplement containing 80 mg of iron, 250 µg of folate, e zinc concentration more than 5 mg/dia, accompained with a prenatal care supervision.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-08-31
 
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