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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2007.tde-31082007-145634
Document
Author
Full name
Rogerio Graça Pedrosa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Toledo, Júlio Orlando Tirapegui (President)
Garcia, Primavera Borelli
Prouvot, Paulo de Aguiar
Ribeiro, Sandra Maria Lima
Rondó, Patrícia Helen de Carvalho
Title in Portuguese
Efeito da suplementação crônica com leucina na composição corporal e no estado protéico de ratos submetidos à restrição alimentar e a período de recuperação nutricional
Keywords in Portuguese
Estado nutricional protéico
Leucina
Recuperação nutricional
Redução de peso
Abstract in Portuguese
Diversos estudos demonstraram que a administração aguda de leucina é capaz de estimular a síntese protéica. Contudo, poucos estudos verificaram os efeitos crônicos dessa suplementação em parâmetros que refletem o estado nutricional protéico (ENP). O presente estudo avaliou o efeito da suplementação crônica com leucina na composição corporal e no estado protéico de ratos submetidos à restrição alimentar (RA) e a período de recuperação nutricional (RN). Foram realizados dois experimentos com 88 ratos Wistar machos e adultos que foram mantidos em gaiolas individuais, em ambiente climatizado e com ciclo biológico de 12 h claro/12 h escuro. No experimento I, 28 animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos: CON (ração AIN93-M) (n = 15) e LEU (ração suplementada com 0,59 % de L-leucina) (n = 13) e submetidos à RA de 50 % por seis semanas. No experimento II, 60 animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos: CON (ração AIN93-M) (n = 30) e LEU (ração suplementada com 0,59 % de L-leucina) (n = 30) e submetidos à RA de 50 % durante uma semana. Findo o período, 15 animais de cada grupo foram sacrificados; o restante dos animais (n = 15 por grupo) foi submetido a duas semanas de RN com suas respectivas rações. No período de RN, as rações foram consumidas ad libitum. Avaliou-se: a composição química da carcaça; a massa de órgãos e do músculo gastrocnêmio; os conteúdos e as concentrações de proteína, RNA e DNA no fígado e no músculo gastrocnêmio; as concentrações séricas de IGF-1, corticosterona, leptina, proteínas totais, albumina e globulina; e as concentrações plasmáticas de uréia e glicose. No experimento I, a suplementação reduziu a gordura corporal e aumentou as concentrações de proteína hepática e de RNA muscular. No experimento II, não houve alterações na massa do intestino e nos conteúdos de proteína e de RNA no fígado dos animais suplementados durante os períodos de RA e RN. A suplementação com leucina aumentou a uremia dos animais do grupo LEU, em relação ao grupo CON, após RN. Não houve diferença significativa na concentração de corticosterona sérica e no conteúdo protéico da carcaça e de tecidos específicos nos animais suplementados. Os resultados obtidos permitem sugerir que a suplementação crônica com leucina aumenta a perda de gordura e melhora alguns parâmetros do ENP na RA em longo prazo, sem alterar o conteúdo protéico da carcaça e de tecidos específicos. Também permitem sugerir que essa suplementação melhora alguns parâmetros do ENP durante variação de peso corporal.
Title in English
Effect of the chronic supplementation with leucine on the body composition and on protein status of rats submitted to dietary restriction followed by a period of dietary recovery
Keywords in English
Dietary recovery
Leucine
Nutritional protein status
Weight loss
Abstract in English
Several studies have demonstrated that the acute administration of leucine is capable of stimulating protein synthesis. However, few studies have investigated the chronic effects of this supplementation as to the parameters that reflect the protein nutritional state (PNS). With this in mind, the aim of this study was o evaluate the effect of the chronic supplementation with leucine on body composition and protein state of rats submitted to food restriction (FR) and a subsequent nutritional recovery period (NR). Two experiments were carried out, using 88 adult male Wistar rats that were kept in individual metabolic cages, in an acclimatized environment with a 12-hour dark-light cycle. In experiment I, 28 animals were distributed into 2 groups: CON (fed an AIN93-M ration, n=15) and LEU (fed a ration supplemented with 0.59% L-leucine, n=13), both groups being submitted to 50% FR with their respective rations, during 6 weeks. In experiment II, 60 animals were distributed into two groups: CON (fed an AIN93-M ration, n=30) and LEU (fed a ration supplemented with 0.59% L-leucine, n=30), both groups being submitted to 50% FR with their respective rations, during 1 week. After this period, 15 animals belonging to each group were sacrificed. The remaining animals (n=15 per group) were submitted to a further 2 weeks of NR each with their respective rations. The period of NR was characterised by ration consumption ad libitum. The chemical composition of the carcass; the mass of the viscera and of the gastrocnemius muscle; protein, RNA and DNA concentration and content of the liver and gastrocnemius muscle; the serum concentrations of IGF-1, corticosterone, leptin, total protein, albumin and globulin; and the plasma concentrations of urea and glucose were determined. The results of experiment I showed that supplementation with leucine reduced the amount of body fat and increased the concentrations of liver protein as well as that of muscle DNA after 6 weeks of FR. The supplementation with leucine also increased uremia of the animals belonging to the LEU group with respect to those of the CON group. However, there was no significant difference in the concentration of serum corticosterone and in the protein content of the carcass and specific tissues of the animals subjected to supplementation. We can therefore suggest that supplementation with leucine increases the loss of body fat and improves parameters of the PNS in FR in the long run, without, however, altering the protein content of the carcass and specific tissues. It can also be said that this supplementation improves some of the parameters of the PNS throughout the variation of body weight.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-10-22
 
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