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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2019.tde-18122019-114849
Document
Author
Full name
Rodrigo Guimarães Lopes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Fabi, João Paulo (President)
Moreno, Fernando Salvador
Palmisano, Giuseppe
Tiné, Marco Aurélio Silva
Title in Portuguese
Impacto no metabolismo de células de câncer colorretal tratadas com pectinas de mamão papaia, in vitro, sob inibição química e bioquímica da expressão de GAL-3
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer colorretal
CRISPR/Cas9
Galectina-3
Mamão
Pectinas
Abstract in Portuguese
O câncer atualmente figura entre uma das principais causas de morte no mundo e, dentre os diversos tipos diferentes de tumores, destaca-se o colorretal (CCR). Estudos apontam forte correlação entre sedentarismo e alto consumo de produtos de origem animal associados à baixa ingestão de vegetais, frutas e leguminosas, resultando no baixo consumo de fibras solúveis, componentes amplamente presentes em frutos carnosos, como é o caso do mamão. Dentre as fibras solúveis dos frutos, destacam-se as pectinas, polissacarídeos que podem apresentar atividade antitumoral possivelmente devido à capacidade de interação com a galectina-3, uma proteína humana cuja superexpressão está intimamente relacionada ao desenvolvimento e metástase de células cancerosas. Além disso, indícios prévios sugerem a possibilidade da interação das pectinas com receptores transmembrana como os do tipo toll-like, interferindo nas vias de sinalizações celulares e, consequentemente, interferindo no desenvolvimento e progressão do câncer colorretal. Sendo assim, este projeto busca elencar o impacto promovido pela ação das frações solúveis em água de pectinas da polpa do mamão papaia em células de câncer colorretal, in vitro, produzindo efeitos anti-proliferativos. Para tanto, foram realizadas inibições químicas da galectina-3 e do receptor Toll-Like Receptor-4 em linhagens celulares de câncer colorretal HCT116 e HT29, bem como o nocaute gênico da expressão de galectina-3 da linhagem HCT116, através da técnica CRISPR/Cas9. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a relação dose-dependente entre a fração solúvel em água de pectinas de mamão papaia com a diminuição da viabilidade de células tumorais, in vitro, além de sugerir que haja uma via independente da interação dos polissacarídeos com a galectina-3 que contribua para o efeito observado.
Title in English
Impacts on the metabolism of colorectal cancer cells treated with papaya pectins, in vitro, under chemical and biochemical inhibition of GAL-3 expression
Keywords in English
Colorectal cancer
CRISPR/Cas9
Galectin-3
Papaya
Pectins
Abstract in English
Cancer nowadays stands as one of the main causes of death worldwide and, amongst the different types of tumors, colorectal cancer (CRC) stands out. Studies show a strong correlation between sedentary lifestyle and high intake of animal products associated with low consumption of soluble fibers, nutrients that are present in fleshy fruits, such as papayas. Among the fruits' soluble fibers, pectins may show antitumoral activities possibly due to its high capability of interacting with galectin-3. Galectin-3 is a human protein whose overexpression is related to the development of cancerous cells and metastasis. Additionally, previous findings indicate the possibility of an interaction between pectins and transmembrane receptors of tumor cells such as the toll-like ones, intervening on the signaling pathways and, thus, dampening the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Therefore, this research aims to investigate on the impacts promoted by the water soluble fractions of papaya pulp pectins over colorectal cancer cells, in vitro, producing anti-proliferative effects. For this purpose, chemical inhibitions of galectin-3 and Toll-Like Receptor-4, and also the knock-out of GAL-3 through CRISPR/Cas9 method were conducted in colorectal cancer cell lineages HCT116 and HT29. The results obtained reinforce the dose-dependent relationship between water soluble fractions of papaya pectins and the reduction of the tumor cells' viability, in vitro, while also suggesting that there is an independent pathway of the interaction between papaya pectin and galectin-3 that contributes to the observed effect.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-18
 
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