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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2005.tde-18032014-170823
Document
Author
Full name
Renata Alexandra Moreira das Neves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Marquez, Ursula Maria Lanfer (President)
Carmona, Adriana Karaoglanovic
Finardi Filho, Flavio
Maria Netto, Flávia
Tenuta Filho, Alfredo
Title in Portuguese
Utilização de hidrolisados enzimáticos de peixes para obtenção de peptídeos inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina I (ECA)
Keywords in Portuguese
Angiotensinas
Bioquímica de alimentos
Hidrolisado de peixe
Inibição da enzima conversora da angiotensina I
Peixes (Produtos derivados)
Peptídeos bioativos
Abstract in Portuguese
Peptídeos bioativos são de grande interesse tanto para a indústria farmacêutica como para a de alimentos e são obtidos a partir da hidrólise enzimática de várias fontes protéicas, como as do leite, glúten de milho, soja, e músculos de suínos, aves e peixes. Estes peptídeos podem desempenhar atividades benéficas para a saúde, entre elas, a regulação ou inibição de enzimas, com destaque à inibição da enzima conversora da angiotensina I (ECA). Esta enzima é responsável pela clivagem de dois importantes substratos envolvidos na regulação da pressão arterial, a angiotensina I e a bradicinina. Neste trabalho foi estudada a atividade inibitória da ECA em hidrolisados dos peixes tilápia tailandesa (Oreochromis niloticus - linhagem tailandesa) e corvina (Micropogonias furnien) . Os "minced" destes peixes foram hidrolisados com pepsina e proteases de Streptomyces griséus por 5 horas em condições ideais de pH e temperatura. A atividade inibitória foi avaliada pela medida da atividade residual da enzima sobre substrato sintético fluorescente. Os hidrolisados com um grau de hidrólise de cerca de 34% apresentaram atividade inibitória semelhante, com valor de IC50 = 0,040 e 0,036 mg proteína/mL, respectivamente para a tilápia e a corvina. Observou-se aumento da atividade inibitória com o progresso da hidrólise, sendo que este aumento também está relacionado com a especificidade das enzimas proteolíticas. Em outro experimento observou-se que os peptídeos presentes no hidrolisado de tilápia inibiram indistintamente os domínios C e N terminais da ECA, não demonstrando especificidade. A atividade inibitória dos hidrolisados foi mantida após submetê-los à ação de enzimas proteolíticas gastrointestinais, indicando a sua provável estabilidade "in vivo". Da mesma forma, o minced de tilápia quando incubado sucessivamente com pepsina/tripsina/quimotripsina produziu peptídeos ativos (IC50 = O,025mg proteína/mL). Apesar do reduzido grau de hidrólise obtido neste ensaio (17%), os peptídeos liberados apresentaram atividade inibitória elevada, confirmando que a atividade não está relacionada apenas com o grau de hidrólise, mas também com a sequência de aminoácidos, liberados em função da especificidade das enzimas. Concluiu-se que o consumo destes peixes, ou seus respectivos hidrolisados poderá eventualmente, auxiliar na prevenção e no tratamento não medicamentoso da hipertensão, embora estudos "in vivo" sejam necessários para comprovar as suas funções biológicas.
Title in English
Utilization of fish enzimatic hydrolysates by obtaining of inhibitors peptides of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)
Keywords in English
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition
Bioactive peptides
Fish hydrolysate
Food biochemistry
Abstract in English
Bioactive peptides have been highly valued by pharmaceutical industries and by food industries as well. These peptides can be released by the enzymatic hydrolysis of various protein sources such as milk, com gluten, soybean, muscles of pigs, chicken and fish and have been recognized to exhibit important health benefits. Among these, the regulation or inhibition of enzymes, like the inhibition of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) have been focused. This enzyme is responsible for the cleavage of two important substrates, angiotensin I and bradykinin, both of them involved with the regulation of blood pressure. In this study the inhibitory activity of hydrolysates from tilapia tailandesa (Oreochromis niloficus - linhagem tailandesa) and corvina (Micropogonias furnien) was evaluated. The hydrolysates of the minced fishes were produced in a 5-hour lasting controlled process under optimal conditions of pH and temperature by the sequential action of pepsin and enzymes from Streptomyces griseus. Inhibitory activity was evaluated by measuring the residual activity of the enzyme on a synthetic fluorescent peptidic substrate. The extent of hydrolysis was about 34% and the hydrolysates of tilapia and corvine showed similar inhibitory activity (IC50 of 0.040 and 0.036 mg protein/mL), respectively. An íncrease of activity proportional to the degree of hydrolysis was observed, as well as a relationship with the specificity of the enzymes used. In another experiment it was observed that the bioactive peptides present in the hydrolysate of tilapia did not show specificity for the C- and N-terminal catalytic domains of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme. The inhibitory activity of the hydrolysates was still active afier a further hydrolysis by gastrointestinal enzymes, which seems to indicate an eventual activity in vivo. In a similar way, when the minced tilapia was consecutively incubated with pepsine, trypsin, chymotrypsin active peptides were produced with an activity of IC50 = 0.025 mg protein/mL. Despite the low extend of hydrolysis of about 17%, a high inhibitory activity was observed confirming that activity is not only related to the degree of hydrolysis but also to the sequence of aminoacids and therefore, to the specificity of the enzymes as well. It was concluded that the intake of fish or fish hydrolysates has the potential to help control or to prevent hypertension by a non-drug food-based treatment.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-03-18
 
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