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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2017.tde-10112017-105442
Document
Author
Full name
Luciana Tedesco Yoshime
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Penteado, Marilene de Vuono Camargo (President)
Muradian, Ligia Bicudo de Almeida
Zenebon, Odair
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização nutricional do Mangarito (Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott)
Keywords in Portuguese
α-tocoferol
Alimentos não convencionais (Análise qualitativa)
Análise de Alimentos
Araceae (Avaliação; Estudo)
Carotenóides
Composição química de alimentos
Mangarito
Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott
Abstract in Portuguese
O mangarito (Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott) ou mangará, é uma das espécies da família Araceae, e está entre inúmeras plantas rústicas encontradas nas regiões tropicais. A grande maioria dessas espécies são amiláceas, classificadas como calóricas e consideradas alimentos de subsistência, porém, não há muitos dados sobre esses alimentos não-convencionais, e o estudo deles, pode ter um papel importante na suplementação da alimentação de populações desnutridas e de baixo poder aquisitivo. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar composição centesimal, fibras solúveis e insolúveis, minerais, α-tocoferol e o perfil de carotenóides, no mangarito cru (CR) e cozido (CZ). Foram avaliadas cinco colheitas do mangarito provenientes de um único cultivar no interior do Estado de São Paulo entre os anos de 2005 e 2007. Sua composição centesimal foi de aproximadamente 71,93% de umidade; 1,23% de cinzas; 1,43% de lipídeos e 2,11 % de proteínas e houve perdas estatisticamente significativas após o cozimento. Dessa forma, o valor calórico total do mangarito foi de aproximadamente 103,11 kcal/100g. Os valores de fibras alimentares foram de 3,5% (CR) e 3,62% (CZ), não havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa entre eles. O resultado da análise de minerais revelou valores elevados de cálcio (CR=290,60 e CZ=330,0mg/100g), ferro (CR=3,90 e CZ=1,8mg/100g), potássio (CR=1408,70 e CZ=1300,4mg/100g) e zinco (CR=4,2 e CZ=5,20mg/100g). Foram encontrados 72,04µg/g de α-tocoferol e a perda pelo cozimento foi de 14,28%. Os carotenóides encontrados nas amostras foram α-caroteno (1,26µg/g), ζ-caroteno (3,41µg/g) e traços de mutatocromo e micronona e cozimento ocasionou perda de 20 a 66% para α-caroteno e de 6 a 60% para ζ-caroteno. Apesar da identificação de um carotenóide com atividade pró-vitamínica (α-caroteno), as quantidades encontradas no mangarito não foram suficientes para que o alimento recebesse a designação de fonte dessa vitamina.
Title in English
Nutritional caracterization of Tannia (Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott)
Keywords in English
α-tocopherol
Araceae (Evaluation: Study)
Carotenoids
Chemical composition of foods
Food Analysis
Tannia
Unconventional foods (Qualitative analysis)
Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott
Abstract in English
Tannia (Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott) is characterized as a rustic plant found in tropical countries such as Brazil. Vegetables are sources of carotenoids that could be used in prevention of vitamin A deficiency. Considering the generally higher cost of animal foods, the provitamin A from vegetables should be considered as an expressive and easily obtainable source of vitamin A in developing countries Although tannia are popularly c1assified as a source of carotenoids, studies on its chemical composition are rare. Thus, because of the absence of the cultivation, tannia as well as others non-traditional vegetables may become extinct and still be classified as potential source of nutrients. Therefore the goal of the present study is to characterize the chemical composition and carotenoids profile of raw (RT) and cooked tannia (CT). It was analyzed 5 different crops of tannia from the countryside of Sao Paulo state harvested between years 2005 and 2007. When compared to RT, CT presented less (p<0.05) water, protein and fat. Regarding the total amount of energy, RT presented values between 95,12 to 143,60 Kcal/100g while CT presented values between 100,96 to 142,91 Kcal/100 g. In both RT and CT it was found great quantity of calcium (RT =290,60 mg/100 g; CT =330,0 mg/100 g), iron (RT =3,90 mg/100 g; CT = 1,8 mg/100 g), potassium (RT = 1408,70 mg/100 g; CT = 1300,4 mg/100 g) and zinc (RT = 4,2 mg/100 g; CT = 5,20 mg/100 g). Moreover, in RT it was found 72,04 µg of α-tocopherol while CT presented 14,28 % less. It was found α-carotene and ζ-carotene, mutatochrome and micronone in both RT and CT; however CT presented smaller (p<0.05) concentration of these carotenoids. In conclusion, tannia can not be considered a good source of provitamin A because of the small concentration of α-carotene. Although the great quantity of important minerals, more studies are necessary to elucidate their bioavailability in tannia.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-11-10
 
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