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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.87.2015.tde-31082015-133533
Document
Author
Full name
Alysson Wagner Fernandes Duarte
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Sette, Lara Durães (President)
Araujo, Welington Luiz de
Carmona, Eleonora Cano
Melo, Itamar Soares de
Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos
Title in Portuguese
Biodiversidade de leveduras derivadas de ecossistemas antárticos marinhos e terrestres e prospecção de lipases.
Keywords in Portuguese
Antártica
Diversidade
Levedura
Lipase
Planejamento experimental
Sistema de duas fases aquosas
Abstract in Portuguese
O ambiente Antártico é caracterizado por condições ambientais restritivas de clima, hábitat e biogeografia. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diversidade de leveduras em amostras marinhas e terrestres do ambiente Antártico, além da prospecção de lipases que atuem em processos que requerem baixas e moderadas temperaturas. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, 97 leveduras foram recuperadas por semeadura em meio de cultura PDA e YMA a partir de diferentes amostras coletadas na OPERANTAR XXVIII (verão 2010), das quais foram identificados 12 gêneros e 21 espécies. Destas, 45 apresentaram atividade de lipase e duas foram selecionadas para o ensaio de otimização da produção enzimática: C. laurentii L59 e L. scotti L117. A extração de lipase de L. scottii L117 foi avaliada por Sistema de Duas fases Aquosas e o sistema micelar utilizando TX-114 foi o mais eficiente para purificação parcial desta enzima. Por fim, a avaliação da diversidade das 405 leveduras isoladas de macroalgas e liquens (coletadas na OPERANTAR XXXII no verão de 2013) revelou a ocorrência de 24 taxons de leveduras a partir das amostras de macroalgas e 18 taxons a partir das amostras de liquens, sendo apenas cinco espécies comuns a estes dois substratos.
Title in English
Biodiversity of yeasts from marine and terrestrial antarctic ecosystems and prospection of lipases.
Keywords in English
Antarctic
Aqueous two-phase systems
Diversity
Experimental design
Lipase
Yeast
Abstract in English
The Antarctic continent is characterized by restrictive environmental conditions of climate, habitats and biogeography. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of yeasts in marine and terrestrial samples of the Antarctic environments, as well as the propspecting of lipases that can act in proceses that require low and moderate temperatures. According to the results, 97 yeasts were recovered from different samples collected in OPERANTAR XXVIII (summer 2010), representing 21 different species. Among them, 45 showed lipase activity and two were selected for the optimization of enzyme production: C. laurentii L59 and L. scotti L117. Extraction of L. scottii L117 lipase was assessed by Aqueous Two-Phase System and the micellar system TX-114 was the most efficient for partial enzyme purification. Finally, the diversity evaluation of 405 isolates from seaweeds and lichens (collected in XXXII OPERANTAR, summer of 2013) revealed the occurrence of 24 taxa from macroalgae samples and 18 taxa from lichens samples, being only five substrates common to these two substrata.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-09-04
 
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