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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.87.2017.tde-26052017-093541
Document
Author
Full name
Felipe Nóbrega Pereira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Pellizari, Vivian Helena (President)
Araujo, Welington Luiz de
Duarte, Rubens Tadeu Delgado
Friaca, Amancio Cesar Santos
Galante, Douglas
Title in Portuguese
Além da Antártica: os limites da vida ao frio e à dessecação no âmbito da astrobiologia.
Keywords in Portuguese
Antártica
Ártico
Astrobiologia
Extremófilos
Microbiologia polar
Abstract in Portuguese
Na Antártica e no Ártico, a vida microbiana é presente e diversificada, tendo se adaptado a condições similares às encontradas em mundos que despertam interesse à astrobiologia. Este estudo investigou as alterações fisiológicas e fenotípicas do extremófilo psicrotrófico Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7 sob diferentes temperaturas. Foram utilizadas técnicas de eletroforese de proteínas em duas dimensões associada a espectrometria de massa, juntamente com técnicas de microscopia. E. antarcticum foi também submetida a condições físicas encontradas em Marte e no ambiente interplanetário. Seguindo evidências de que micro-organismos psicrotróficos podem também ser resistentes a períodos prolongados de dessecação, foi investigada a presença de linhagens microbianas resistentes a anidrobiose em solos da Antártica e permafrost do Ártico. Por fim, voltando-se à ecologia microbiana de solos polares permanentemente congelados, foi estudada a diversidade microbiana de três estratos de permafrost do ártico canadense com o uso de sequenciamento de DNA de nova geração.
Title in English
Beyond Antarctica: the limits of life to cold and desiccation in the context of astrobiology.
Keywords in English
Antarctica
Arctic
Astrobiology
Extremophiles
Polar microbiology
Abstract in English
In Antarctica and the Arctic, microbial life is present and diverse, having adapted to low temperature and low humidity conditions, similar to the worlds that arouse more interest to astrobiology. This study investigated the physiological changes of the psychrotrophic extremophile Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7 at different temperatures. Two dimensional protein electrophoresis techniques was used for proteome analysis in conjunction with mass spectrometry, as well as microscopy techniques. E. antarcticum was also subjected to physical parameters found on Mars and in the interplanetary environment. Following evidence that psychrotrophic microorganisms may also be resistant to prolonged periods of desiccation, it was investigated the presence of microbial strains resistant to anhydrobiosis on Antarctic soils and Arctic permafrost. At last, turning the attention to the microbial ecology of permanently frozen polar soils, it was studied the bacterial diversity of three Arctic permafrost strata with next-generation high throughput DNA sequencing.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-05-26
 
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