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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.87.2010.tde-17082010-105648
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Rodrigues
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Arruda Neto, Joao Dias de Toledo (President)
Kleeb, Silvia Regina
Sucupira, Maria Claudia Araripe
Title in Portuguese
Estudo dos efeitos toxicológicos em ratos Wistar alimentados com ração contendo Urânio.
Keywords in Portuguese
Osso e ossos
Radiobiologia
Ratos
Toxicologia
Toxinas
Urânio
Abstract in Portuguese
O urânio (U) é um elemento tóxico radioativo encontrado na natureza, normalmente presente na água e nos alimentos e acumula-se preferencialmente em ossos. Nestes, a medula óssea constitui o alvo com o maior risco radiobiológico. Foram utilizados 60 ratos wistar recém desmamados, com vinte e dois dias de vida. Destes, trinta e cinco foram tratados com ração suplementada de 50ppm (parte por milhão) de Nitrato de Uranila e vinte e cinco foram mantidos como controle. Os animais tratados foram separados em seis grupos com cinco animais cada e os grupos controle com três animais. Foi feita a eutanásia dos 5 animais de cada grupo alimentado com urânio e 3 animais de cada grupo de controle com intervalo de tempo de 3 e 4 dias para avaliar alterações histopatológicas, hematológicas, na densidade mineral óssea e medir o teor de urânio acumulado em ossos, em função do tempo, utilizando a técnica de registro de traços de fissão SSNTD (Solid State Nuclear Track Detector). Nas avaliações histopatológicas foi observada congestão, fibrose e necrose hepática, degeneração vacuolar e desarranjo cordonal dos hepatócitos. Essas alterações iniciaram-se em animais alimentados durante três dias com ração contendo U e se intensificaram nos animais tratados durante onze dias, sugerindo que tenha ocorrido combinação de efeitos toxicológicos e radiobiológicos. Foi observada degeneração vacuolar, cilindros hialinos, fibrose e necrose nos rins dos animais alimentados com ração suplementada de U, a partir de quatorze dias de alimentação, decorrentes da nefrotoxicidade do Nitrato de Uranila. Foi observado que não ocorre alteração da densidade mineral óssea no curto prazo; porém, os animais tratados durante 21 e 28 dias, ou seja, expostos ao U por período mais longo, tiveram a densidade mineral óssea diminuída. Ocorreu substancial acúmulo de urânio nos ossos, onde foi observado 1,139 ± 0,057 ppm em ossos e 0,705 +- 0,092 ppm em dentes. Os animais dos grupos controle apresentaram teor de urânio praticamente constante no decorrer do estudo. Não foi observada alteração do teor de urânio em ração comercial.
Title in English
Study of toxicological effects in Wistar rats fed with uranium.
Keywords in English
Bone and bones
Radiobiology
Rats
Toxicology
Toxins
Uranium
Abstract in English
Uranium (U) is a radioactive toxic element found in the environment, naturally present in water and food, with preference for accumulation in bone. In the latter, marrow is the target with the highest radiobiological risk. It was carried out a study with sixty Wistar rats, twenty two days old, starting at the post weaning period. From this total, thirty five animals fed with chow containing Uranyl Nitrate at a concentration of 50 ppm (parts per million) were selected as the treated group, while the remaining twenty five were the control group. Treated animals were divided into six groups with five animals each plus six control groups with three animals each. Five animals of the treated group and three of the control group were sacrificed at intervals of four days to observe histopathologic, hematologic, and bone mineral density (BMD) alterations, as well as to measure the uranium content in bone as function of time, using the Solid State Nuclear Track Detector technique. It was observed congestion, vacuolar degeneration, hepatocytes misalignment, fibrosis and necrosis in liver. These alterations were initiated in treated animals fed for three days with diets containing U and intensified in the animals treated for eleven days, suggesting the occurrence of an intertwining between radiobiological and toxicological effects. It was also observed vacuolar degeneration, hyaline cylinders, fibrosis and necrosis in the kidneys of the treated animals, all initiated after fourteen days of treatment, and these effects were attributed to the nephrotoxic character of the Uranyl Nitrate. It was found out that the BMD was not altered in the short range term of treatment, that is, treatments of twenty-one and twenty-eight days, but appreciably reduced in the long range term. There was substantial accumulation of uranium in bones and teeth, where it was measured concentrations of 1.139 ± 0.057 ppm and 0.705 ± 0.092 ppm, respectively. The uranium concentration in the bones of animals of the control group were low and approximately constant.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-09-16
 
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