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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.87.2009.tde-17042009-145400
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda Matias
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Rodrigues, Maria Filomena de Andrade (President)
Gomez, José Gregorio Cabrera
Henriques, João Antonio Pegas
Sakata, Solange Kazumi
Vicente, Elisabete Jose
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização de linhagens bacterianas isoladas da biodiversidade brasileira quanto à produção de biopolímeros.
Keywords in Portuguese
Actinomycetales
Biopolímeros
Biotecnologia
PHA
PHB
PHDd
Resíduos industriais
Abstract in Portuguese
O lixo urbano tem sido apontado como um dos maiores poluentes ambientais. O lixo plástico chega a representar 20% do volume do lixo doméstico. Como alternativa aos plásticos petroquímicos, produtos plásticos menos agressivos ao meio ambiente e mais biodegradáveis têm sido estudados, entre eles os polihidroxialcanoatos (PHA). Os PHA são poliésteres biodegradáveis acumulados como material de reserva por inúmeras bactérias e que possuem aplicabilidade comercial bastante abrangente. Recentemente, os actinomicetos passaram a ser estudados para a produção destes polímeros. Em trabalho prévio, 53 novas linhagens de actinomicetos produtoras de biopolímeros foram isoladas de solo. Neste trabalho foi feita a seleção das bactérias quanto aos polímeros produzidos em diferentes de carbono. Das quatro linhagens selecionadas, duas foram analisadas quanto à produção de um novo polímero. Nas outras duas linhagens foram amplificados e estudados os genes sintetizadores dos polímeros. Em todas as linhagens foram feitas análises taxonômicas e cultivos em rejeitos industriais.
Title in English
Characterization of brazilian biodiversity isolated bacterial strains on the production of biopolymer.
Keywords in English
Actinomycetales
Biopolymers
Biotechnology
Industrial waste
PHA
PHB
PHDd
Abstract in English
The urban waste has been described as one of the largest environmental pollutants. The plastic garbage can represent up to 20% of the volume of household waste. As an alternative to petrochemical plastics, plastic products less damaging to the environment and more biodegradable have been studied, among them polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). The PHA is a biodegradable polyester material accumulated as a reserve material by many bacteria and they have very broad commercial applicability. Recently, the actinomycetes have been studied for the production of polymers. In previous work, 53 new strains of actinomycetes producers of polymers were isolated from soil. In this work the bacterial the selection of bacteria was made concerning the polymers production on different carbon. Of the four strains selected, two were analyzed for the production of a new polymer. In the other two strains were amplified and studied the genes of polymers synthases. In all lineages were analyzed taxonomically and in cultivation on industrial waste.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-03-18
 
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