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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.87.2013.tde-12062013-143346
Document
Author
Full name
Fernando Freitas de Oliveira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Schneider, Rene Peter (President)
Hespanhol, Ivanildo
Schenberg, Ana Clara Guerrini
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de filtros lentos de areia como pré-tratamento para o controle de biofouling em plantas de osmose reversa aplicadas na dessalinização de água do mar.
Keywords in Portuguese
Água do mar
Biofilmes
Dessalinização
Filtros biológicos
Osmose reversa
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho avaliou o desempenho de um sistema de pré-tratamento para água do mar constituído por um filtro lento de areia, com uma etapa prévia de filtração por um filtro de discos. O sistema demonstrou eficiência na remoção de fatores causadores de fouling em membranas de osmose reversa, removendo aproximadamente 97% dos sólidos suspensos totais presentes na água bruta, e gerando um filtrado com turbidez entre 0.1 e 0.2 UNT. As concentrações de microrganismos e AOC, principais fatores causadores da formação de biofouling, foram ambas reduzidas em cerca de 90%. Em sistemas de dessalinização de água do mar por osmose reversa, o pré-tratamento da água de alimentação constitui a principal estratégia no controle da formação do biofouling, que é gerado pelo estabelecimento de biofilmes sobre a superfície da membrana. A formação de biofouling gera impacto no desempenho do processo de osmose reversa e nos custos de operação.
Title in English
Evaluation of slow sand filters as pretreatment for controlling biofouling in seawater reverse osmosis.
Keywords in English
Biofilms
Biological filters
Desalination
Reverse osmosis
Seawater
Abstract in English
This study evaluated the performance of a pretreatment system for seawater comprising of a slow sand filter, with a preliminary stage of filtration by disc filtration system. The system proved to be efficient in removing factors causing fouling in reverse osmosis membranes removing around 97% of the total suspended solids present in the raw water, and yielding a filtrate with turbidity between 0.1 and 0.2 NTU. The bacterial concentrations and AOC, main factors causing biofouling formation, were both reduced by about 90%. In seawater reverse osmosis systems, pretreatment of the feeded water is the main strategy to control biofouling, which is formed by the establishment of biofilms on a membrane surface. The biofouling formation produces an impact in the performance of the reverse osmosis process and operating costs.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-06-13
 
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