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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.87.2014.tde-06122014-091409
Document
Author
Full name
Diego Armando Castillo Franco
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Pellizari, Vivian Helena (President)
Maldonado, Gabriel Padilla
Nakayama, Cristina Rossi
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da diversidade molecular de bactérias e arquéias e enriquecimento de comunidades metanogênicas em sedimentos marinhos antárticos.
Keywords in Portuguese
Antártica
Diversidade microbiana
Metanogênese
Sedimentos marinhos
Abstract in Portuguese
O sedimento marinho da Península Antártica representa uma área sensível a mudanças ambientais. No entanto, pouco se conhece sobre as comunidades microbianas que habitam esse ecossistema, incluindo a sua diversidade, distribuição e variações temporais. O objetivo foi determinar a estrutura das comunidades microbianas nos sedimentos marinhos da Baía do Almirantado, Ilha Rei George, Península Antártica. Sedimentos da Baía apresentam uma predominância dos Filos Proteobacteria, Firmicutes e Actinobacteria. Análise temporal revelou que comunidades microbianas em sedimentos próximos à estação Ferraz são mais estáveis quando comparadas aos sedimentos em áreas de menor atividade antrópica. No gradiente de profundidade foi observado que a estrutura de comunidade não mudou, indicando tolerância a variações de pressão hidrostática. Organismos heterotróficos dos gêneros Psychrobacter, Psychromonas e Loktanella foram os mais abundantes, sugerindo uma alta concentração de matéria orgânica disponível. O enriquecimento de culturas metanogênicas produziu até 1,70 mmol de CH4 após 120 dias de incubação. Este estudo sugere que as condições dos sedimentos favorecem organismos psicrofílicos de metabolismo heterotrófico.
Title in English
Study of bacterial and archaeal molecular diversity and enrichment of methanogenic communities in Antarctic marine sediments.
Keywords in English
Antarctica
Marine sediments
Methanogenesis
Microbial diversity
Abstract in English
Marine sediment of the Antarctic Peninsula is a susceptible area to environmental changes. However, little is known about the microbial communities inhabiting this ecosystem, including its diversity, distribution and variations over time. The aim of this study was to determine the structure of microbial communities present in marine sediments of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, on the Antarctic Peninsula. Sediments from Admiralty Bay shown a predominance of the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria phyla. Temporal analysis revealed that microbial communities in sediment, near Ferraz station, are more stable compared to that in the sediments in areas of lower human activity. No variation on the community structure was observed in depth gradient, indicating tolerance to hydrostatic pressure variations. Heterotrophic organisms of the genera Psychrobacter, Psychromonas and Loktanella were the most abundant, suggesting a high concentration of organic matter in the sediment. Enrichment of methanogenic cultures enrichment yielded 1.70 mmol of CH4. This study suggests that conditions in sediments favoring metabolism of heterotrophic and psychrophilic organisms.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-12-10
 
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