• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.85.2009.tde-26092011-151933
Document
Author
Full name
Sérgio Gomes Cardoso
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Andrade, Arnaldo Homobono Paes de (President)
Couto, Antonio Augusto
Pereira, Nilson Casimiro
Silva, Leonardo Gondim de Andrade e
Vatavuk, Jan
Title in Portuguese
Estudo das propriedades mecânicas e dos mecanismos de fratura de fibras sintéticas do tipo náilon  e poliéster  em tecidos de engenharia
Keywords in Portuguese
fibra
fratura
poliéster
tecidos
Abstract in Portuguese
Fibras são definidas como o conjunto formado de filamentos orientados na direção da cadeia molecular e são parte fundamental na vida diária do ser humano, encontradas de várias formas, tais como filamentos, fios, feixes, cordas, tecidos, compósitos, revestimentos, entre outras. Elas abrangem diversas áreas, tais como civil, mecânica, elétrica, eletrônica, militar, naval, náutica, aeronáutica, saúde, medicina, ambiental, comunicação, segurança, espacial, entre outras. A fibras são divididas em duas classes distintas, naturais e químicas, que compõem as subclasses sintéticas e artificiais. Podem ser produzidas de vários materiais, tais como lã, algodão, raion, linho, seda, rocha, náilon, poliéster, polietileno, polipropileno, aramida, vidro, carbono, aço, cerâmica, entre outros. Em nível global, as fibras químicas correspondem a 59,9% do mercado, sendo as fibras sintéticas tipo poliéster as mais utilizadas, com 63%. Necessidades vitais têm levado ao desenvolvimento de fibras multifuncionais e o foco mudou nos últimos dez anos com a utilização da nanotecnologia para fibras de responsabilidade ambiental e fibras inteligentes. O estudo das propriedades mecânicas e dos mecanismos de fratura das fibras é de grande importância para caracterização e entendimento das causas de falhas. Para este propósito foram selecionados tecidos fabricados com fibras sintéticas de alto desempenho do tipo náilon e poliéster, utilizadas em produtos de engenharia tais como pneus, correias, mangueiras e molas pneumáticas, as quais foram analisadas em cada etapa de processamento. Amostras das fibras foram retiradas de cada etapa de processamento para análise por ensaios destrutivos de tração e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados de análise das propriedades mecânicas mostraram perda de resistência por temperatura e tensões multiaxiais durante as etapas de processamento da fibra. Por meio de ensaios de microscopia foi possível determinar contaminações, manchas superficiais, deformações plásticas, delaminações, variações nas faces de fratura dos filamentos e analisar, na interface fibra-borracha, o nível de adesão. Estas irregularidades e variações são causadas durante as etapas inerentes ao processo de fabricação.
Title in English
Study of mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of synthetic fibers like nylon and polyester in engineering fabrics
Keywords in English
fiber
fracture
polyester
Abstract in English
Fibers are groups formed by molecular-chain-oriented filaments. Fibers play a fundamental role in human beings daily life and they can be found in several forms and geometries, such as filaments, yarns, beams, rope, fabric, composite, coatings, others. They are used in various segments such as civil, mechanical, electrical, electronics, military, naval, nautical, aviation, health, medicine, environment, communications, safety, space, others. Fibers are divided into two distinct classes: natural and chemical ones, which cover synthetic and man-made sub-classes. They can be produced from several materials, such as wool, cotton, rayon, flax, silk, rock, nylon, polyester, polyethylene, poly-propylene, aramid, glass, carbon, steel, ceramic, others. Globally, the participation of chemical fibers corresponds to approximately 59,9%, and the synthetic fiber polyester, the most used one, represents approximately 63% of the world market. Vital needs have led to the development of multi-function fibers and the focus has changed in the last 10 years with the use of nanotechnology for environmental responsibility and smart fibers. The study of mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of fibers is of great relevance for characterization and understanding of causes as consequence of failures. For such reason, it was selected technical fabrics made of high performance synthetic fiber nylon-and-polyester type, used in engineered products such as tires, belts, hoses and pneumatic springs, which have been analyzed in each processing phase. Fiber samples were extracted after each processing phase to be analyzed, by traction destructive tests and scanning electron microscopy. The results of analysis of mechanical properties showed loss of resistance to temperature and multi axial stress during fiber processing phase. Through microscopy tests, it was possible to find contamination, surface stains, plastic deformations, scaling, variations in the fracture faces of the filaments and analyze in the fiber-rubber interface, the level of adhesion. These irregularities and variations are caused during the stages of the process.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
2009CardosoEstudo.pdf (5.00 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2011-10-17
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.