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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2008.tde-19082009-155206
Document
Author
Full name
Milena Rodrigues Boniolo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Yamaura, Mitiko (President)
Fungaro, Denise Alves
Morita, Dione Mari
Title in Portuguese
Biossorção de urânio nas cascas de banana
Keywords in Portuguese
biossorçãoi
Casca de banana
íons de urânio
Abstract in Portuguese
Cascas de banana foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier e microscopia eletrônica de varredura, e investigadas como biossorvente de baixo custo para a remoção de íons de urânio provenientes de soluções nítricas. A influência das seguintes variáveis foi estudada: tamanho das partículas do adsorvente, tempo de contato, pH e temperatura. O percentual de remoção aumentou de 13 para 57% quando o tamanho da partícula foi reduzido de 6,000 para 0,074mm. O tempo de contato determinado foi de 40 minutos com remoção de 60% em média. A remoção aumentou de 40 para 55% quando o pH aumentou de 2 para 5. Os modelos de isotermas lineares de Langmuir e Freundlich foram aplicados para descrever o equilíbrio de adsorção. A cinética do processo foi analisada a partir dos modelos de pseudo-primeira e segunda ordens. Parâmetros termodinâmicos como variações da entalpia (H), entropia (S) e energia livre de Gibbs (G) foram calculados. No intervalo de concentração de 50 - 500mg.L-1 , o processo de adsorção foi melhor descrito pela equação de Freundlich. A capacidade de adsorção no equilíbrio foi determinada pela equação de Langmuir, e o valor encontrado foi 11,50 mg.g-1 a 25 ± 2ºC. A cinética foi melhor representada pelo modelo pseudo-segunda ordem. O processo de biossorção para a remoção de urânio das soluções foi considerado exotérmico, e os valores de H e S obtidos foram - 9,61 kJ.mol-1 e 1,37J.mol-1, respectivamente. Os valores da energia livre de Gibbs variaram de -10,03 para -10,06 kJ.mol-1 quando a temperatura aumentou de 30 para 50ºC. Este estudo mostrou o potencial de aplicação das cascas de banana como biossorvente de íons de urânio.
Title in English
BIOSORPTION OF URANIUM ON BANANA PITH
Keywords in English
biossorção
Casca de banana
íons de urânio
Abstract in English
Banana pith was characterized by Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, and investigated as a low cost biosorbent for the removal of uranium ions from nitric solutions. Influences variable as were studied: adsorbent particle size, contact time, pH and temperature were studied. The removal percentage was increased from 13 to 57% when the particle size was decreased from 6.000 to 0.074mm. The determined contact time was 40 minutes with 60% mean removal. The removal was increased from 40 to 55% when the pH varied from 2 to 5. The Langmuir and Freundlich linear isotherm models were applied to describe the adsorption equilibrium. The kinetic of the process was studied using the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models. Thermodynamics parameters such as G, S and H were calculated. In concentration range of 50 - 500mg.L-1, the adsorption process was described better by the Freundlich equation. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium of uranium ions was determined from the Langmuir equation, and it was found 11.50 mg.g-1 at 25 ± 2ºC. The kinetic was better represented by the pseudo-second order model. The biosorption process for uranium removal from the solutions was considered an exothermic reaction, and the values of H and S obtained were -9.61 kJ.mol-1 and 1.37J.mol-1, respectively. The values of the Gibbs free energy changed from -10.03 to -10.06 kJ.mol-1 when the temperature was increased from 30 to 50ºC. This study showed the potential application of the banana pith as biosorbent of uranium ions.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-09-23
 
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