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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2014.tde-19022015-141713
Document
Author
Full name
André Luiz dos Reis Paulino
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Santiago, Elisabete Inácio (President)
Cunha, Edgar Ferrari da
Ett, Gerhard
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da geometria de canais de fluxo em células a combustível tipo PEMFC utilizando fluidodinâmica computacional
Keywords in Portuguese
canais de fluxo
células a combustível
CFD
PEMFC
placas bipolares
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho foram analisados diferentes parâmetros geométricos para canais de fluxo em células a combustível tipo PEMFC e sua influência no desempenho do sistema, utilizando a fluidodinâmica computacional. Na análise dos modelos matemáticos, verificou-se que o modelo de aglomerado inundado descreve com maior fidelidade o comportamento de células a combustível, enquanto as equações de Butler-Volmer não consideram as perdas por transporte de massa. Foram avaliadas as seções transversais retangular, trapezoidal e em degrau. O modelo com canais de seção retangular apresentou desempenho elétrico ligeiramente superior, porém os canais com seção trapezoidal propiciam um melhor gerenciamento de água. Em todos os aspectos estudados, os canais com seção em degrau se comportaram de forma análoga aos canais com seção trapezoidal, porém sua construção é menos complexa. Também foram analisadas as configurações serpentina e interdigitada em células de 5 cm², e sua influência na uniformidade da densidade de corrente. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas quanto à eficiência elétrica entre células com as duas configurações. A configuração interdigitada propiciou distribuição mais uniforme de geração de corrente, pois os reagentes são fornecidos em alta concentração por uma maior área da célula. Assim, esta configuração é preferível para aumento de escala.
Title in English
Study of flow channel geometries in PEM fuel cells using computational fluid dynamics
Keywords in English
bipolar plates
CFD
flow channels
fuel cells
PEMFC
Abstract in English
In this work, different geometric parameters for PEMFC flow channels and their influence in cell performance were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. At first, two mathematical models, the flooded agglomerate model and the Butler-Volmer equations, were compared. It was verified that the equations do not consider mass-transfer losses, while the agglomerate model describes the system more accurately. In a second analysis, rectangular, trapezoidal and step-shaped cross-sections were evaluated. The model with rectangular channels showed a slightly higher electrical performance; however, trapezoidal channels provided better water management. Cells with step-shaped cross-sections were found to be superior to those with trapezoidal channels, due to lower constructive complexity, even though their performance was similar to that of trapezoidal cross-sections in every aspect. Further studies analyzed serpentine and interdigitated channel patterns in 5 cm² cells and their influence in current density uniformity. Again, electrical performance was very similar for both patterns. However, the interdigitated pattern provided more spatial uniformity in current generation, because concentrated reactants are supplied to a wider area of the cell. Thus, this pattern is preferable for fuel cell scaling-up.
 
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2014PaulinoEstudo.pdf (3.14 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2015-03-04
 
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