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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2007.tde-18092009-163639
Document
Author
Full name
Luciana da Conceição Pavanelli
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Pires, Maria Aparecida Faustino (President)
Marques, Maria Nogueira
Oliveira, Elisabeth de
Title in Portuguese
Diagnóstico ambiental das áreas susceptíveis a contaminação por metais no pólo industrial de fundição em Loanda, Paraná
Keywords in Portuguese
contaminação do solo
Diagnóstico ambiental
indústria de fundição
metais tóxicos
Abstract in Portuguese
As indústrias de fundição e galvanoplastia têm sido investigadas visando melhorar seu processo produtivo de forma a eliminar os possíveis impactos ambientais e melhorar a qualidade de vida e a saúde pública. Na cidade de Loanda-PR existem 23 empresas desse ramo. No presente estudo foi realizada uma avaliação ambiental em amostras de solo coletadas ao redor da maior indústria da região, através da caracterização físico-química do solo e da determinação da concentração dos metais e elementos traço (Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) extraídos por HNO3, para determinação da fração parcial do metal, e por EDTA, para determinação da mobilidade dos metais. O solo da região apresentou-se arenoso, ácido e com baixos índices de matéria orgânica e capacidade de troca catiônica. A determinação dos metais mostrou incremento de Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni e Pb apenas nos pontos adjacentes à indústria e um alto índice de mobilidade de Cr e Ni. Isso mostra que o solo da região não requer remediação, porém, ainda existe uma preocupação com o lençol freático. Evidencia também a necessidade urgente de melhorias no processo produtivo.
Title in English
ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS OF SOIL VULNERABILITY TO TOXIC METALS CONTAMINATION FROM FOUNDRY INDUSTRIES OF LOANDA, PARANÁ
Keywords in English
contaminação do solo
Diagnóstico ambiental
indústria de fundição
metais tóxicos
Abstract in English
Foundries and electroplating industries have been investigated to improve industrial processes, reducing the external environment impact and promoting human health and welfare. There are 23 industrial plants located in the municipality of Loanda, Paraná, Brazil. The main goal of the project was the evaluation of the soil contamination by toxic metals in the vicinities of their most profitable unit. The soil characterization was performed by physical-chemical measurements and their extractable toxic metals (Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) content. They were analyzed after the HNO3 extraction, and also after EDTA extraction. This procedure was adopted to provide additional information about the toxic metals mobility on soil samples. According with the results, the soil is composed by sand with siliceous acid properties, with low content of clay, organic mater and cationic exchange capability. The higher extractable toxic metals concentrations were found for Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Pb in the boundary of the industrial plant and their vicinity. The extraction results indicate the soil toxic metals contamination can be considered stabilized with an exception for high mobility elements as Cr and Ni. It was an indication of the need of continuous monitoring and control for Cr and Ni content including periodically groundwater evaluation. Production process must be improved in order to avoid further contamination.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-09-23
 
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